Characterization of Phosphorus and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slags as Low-Cost Adsorbents for Cu(II) Removal; Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Converging Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN

2 School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN

3 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Tehran Medical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

Cu(II) is one of the pollutants that exist in the produced wastewater by many industries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), its concentration should be less than 2 mg/L. In this study, Phosphorus Slag (PS) and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBFS) as industrial wastes with the properties of abundant and low cost are used to remove Cu(II). The effects of the shaker rotation rate, initial concentration of Cu(II), and amount of adsorbent on the adsorption process are investigated. The adsorption capacity was maximized at a shaking rate of 150 rpm, initial concentration of 50 mg/L, 0.2 g GGBFS per 0.03 liter, and 0.5 g PS per 0.03 liter. At various temperatures, the values of thermodynamic parameters were calculated by measuring the equilibrium data. The results showed that the adsorption process was exothermic using both GGBFS and PS adsorbents. The experimental data of Cu(II) adsorption by GGBFS and PS was fitted well by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity was obtained 156.30 and 151.52 mg/g for GGBFS and PS, respectively. Also, the kinetic modeling indicated that the adsorption process is achieved to the equilibrium state using both adsorbents at less than 5 min.

Keywords

References

[1] Khajeh M., Heidari Z.S., Sanchooli E. Synthesis, Characterization and Removal of Lead from Water Samples Using Lead-Ion Imprinted Polymer, Chemical Engineering Journal, 166(3): 1158-1163 (2011).
[2] Samiey B., Cheng C.-H., Wu J., Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Polymers as Adsorbents for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Solutions: A Review, Materials, 7(2) 673-726 (2014).
[3] Muslim A., Aprilia S., Suha T., Fitri Z. Adsorption of Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon Prepared from Areca Catechu Shell: Kinetic, Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies, Journal of Korean Chemical Society, 61(3): 89-96 (2017).
[4] Muslim A., Optimization of Pb(II) Adsorption onto Australian Pine Cones-Based Activated Carbon by Pulsed Microwave Heating Activation, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Journal (IJCCE), 36(5) 115-127 (2017).
[5] Kalyani S., Priya J.A., Rao P.S., Krishnaiah A.J.S., Removal of Copper and Nickel From Aqueous Solutions Using Chitosan Coated on Perlite as Biosorbent, Separation Science and Technology, 40(7): 1483-1495 (2005).
[6] Hasan S., Krishnaiah A., Ghosh T.K., Viswanath D.S., Boddu V.M., Smith E. D., Adsorption of Divalent Cadmium (Cd (II)) from Aqueous Solutions onto Chitosan-Coated Perlite Beads, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 45(14):5066-5077 (2006).
[7] Gier S., Johns W.D., Heavy Metal-Adsorption on Micas and Clay Minerals Studied by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Applied Clay Science, 16(5-6): 289-299 (2000).
[8] Koppelman M., Dillard J. A Study of the Adsorption of Ni (II) and Cu (II) by Clay Minerals, Clays & Clay Minerals, 25(6): 457-462 (1977).
[9] Ghaemi A., Torab-Mostaedi M., Ghannadi-Maragheh M., Characterizations of Strontium (II) and Barium (II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions Using Dolomite Powder, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 190(1-3): 916-921 (2011).
[10] Rahmati A., Ghaemi A., Samadfam M., Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies of Uranium (VI) Adsorption Using Amberlite IRA-910 Resin, Annals of Nuclear Energy, 39(1): 42-48 (2012).
[11] Mohammadi M., Ghaemi A., Torab-Mostaedi M., Asadollahzadeh M., Hemmati A., Adsorption of Cadmium (II) and Nickel (II) on Dolomite Powder, Desalination & Water Treatment, 53(1): 149-157 (2015).
[12] Huang S.-H., Chen D.-H., Rapid Removal of Heavy Metal Cations and Anions From Aqueous Solutions by an Amino-Functionalized Magnetic Nano-Adsorbent, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163(1): 174-179 (2009).
[13] Sun X., Yang L., Li Q., Zhao J., Li X., Wang X., Liu H., Amino-Functionalized Magnetic Cellulose Nanocomposite as Adsorbent for Removal of Cr (VI): Synthesis and Adsorption Studies, Chemical Engineering Journal, 241: 175-183 (2014).
[14] Tan Y., Chen M., Hao Y., High Efficient Removal of Pb (II) by Amino-Functionalized Fe3O4 Magnetic Nano-Particles, Chemical Engineering Journal, 191: 104-111 (2012).
[15] Han R., Zhang J., Zou W., Xiao H., Shi J., Liu H., Biosorption of Copper (II) and Lead (II) from Aqueous Solution by Chaff in a Fixed-Bed Column, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 133(1-3): 262-268 (2006).
[16] Fu F., Wang Q., Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewaters: A Review, Journal of Environmental Management, 92(3): 407-418 (2011).
[17] Tizaoui C., Rachmawati S.D., Hilal N., The Removal of Copper in Water Using Manganese Activated Saturated and Unsaturated Sand Filters, Chemical Engineering Journal, 209: 334-344 (2012).
[18] Ahmaruzzaman M., Industrial Wastes as Low-Cost Potential Adsorbents for the Treatment of Wastewater Laden with Heavy Metals, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 166(1-2): 36-59 (2011).
[19] Muslim A., Ellysa E., Said S.D., Cu (II) Ions Adsorption Using Activated Carbon Prepared from Pithecellobium Jiringa (Jengkol) Shells with Ultrasonic Assistance: Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies, Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 49(4): 472-490 (2017).
[20] Muslim A., Marwan, M., Saifullah, R., Azwar, M., Darmadi, D., Putra, B.P., Rizal, S., Adsorption of Cu(II) Ions on Areca Catechu Stem-Based Activated Carbon: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology, International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS), "Adsorption; Activated Carbon; Areca Catechu Stem; Modeling; Optimization; Box Benkhen" 12(2)  (2019).
[21] Alasadi A., Khaili F., Awwad A., Adsorption of Cu (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) Ions by Nano Kaolinite: Thermodynamics and Kinetics Studies, Chemistry International, 5(4): 258-226 (2019).
[22] Dandil S., Sahbaz D.A., Acikgoz C., Adsorption of Cu (II) Ions onto Crosslinked Chitosan/Waste Active Sludge Char (WASC) Beads: Kinetic, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamic Study, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 136: 668-675 (2019).
[23] Ahmad M., Wang J., Xu J., Zhang Q., Zhang B., Magnetic Tubular Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient Cu (II) Ion Adsorbent from Wastewater, Journal of Cleaner Production, 252: 119825 (2020).
[24] Yu Z., Song W., Li J., Li Q., Improved Simultaneous Adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) of Organic Modified Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, (2020).
[25] Guo X., Zhang S., Shan X., Adsorption of Metal Ions on Lignin, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 151(1): 134-142 (2008).
[26] Shi K., Wang X., Guo Z., Wang S., Wu W., Se(IV) Sorption on TiO2: Sorption Kinetics and Surface Complexation Modeling, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 349(1-3): 90-95 (2009).
[27] Korichi S., Bensmaili A., Sorption of Uranium (VI) on Homoionic Sodium Smectite Experimental Study and Surface Complexation Modeling, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 169(1-3): 780-793 (2009).
[28] Maghsoodloorad H., Allahverdi A., Alkali-Activation Kinetics of Phosphorus Slag Cement Using Compressive Strength Data, Ceramics–Silikáty, 59(3): 250-260 (2015).
[29] Zaki M.I., Hasan M.A., Al-Sagheer F.A., Pasupulety L., In Situ FTIR Spectra of Pyridine Adsorbed on SiO2–Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 and CeO2: General Considerations for the Identification of Acid Sites on Surfaces of Finely Divided Metal Oxides, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 190(3): 261-274 (2001).
[30] Lagergren S., Lagergren S., Lagergren S., Sven K., "Zurtheorie Der Sogenannten Adsorption Gelösterstoffe" (1898).
[31] Ho Y.-S., McKay G., Pseudo-Second order Model for Sorption Processes, Process Biochemistry, 34(5): 451-465, (1999).
[32] Freundlich H., Over the Adsorption in Solution, J. Phys. Chem, 57(385471): 1100-1107, (1906).
[33] Adamson A. W., Gast A.P., "Physical Chemistry of Surfaces". Interscience Publishers, New York, (1967).
[34] Kundu S., Gupta A., Arsenic Adsorption onto Iron Oxide-Coated Cement (IOCC): Regression Analysis of Equilibrium Data with Several Isotherm Models and Their Optimization, Chemical Engineering Journal, 122(1-2): 93-106 (2006).
[35] Pérez-Marín A., Zapata V.M., Ortuno J., Aguilar M., Sáez J., Lloréns M., Removal of Cadmium from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Orange Waste, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 139(1): 122-131 (2007).
[36] Langmuir I., The Constitution and Fundamental Properties of Solids and Liquids. Part I. Solids, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 38(11): 2221-2295 (1916).
[37] Weber T.W., Chakravorti R.K., Pore and Solid Diffusion Models for Fixed‐Bed Adsorbers, AIChE Journal, 20(2): 228-238 (1974).
[38] Khazali O., Abu-El-Halawa R., Al-Sou’od K. Removal of Copper (II) from Aqueous Solution by Jordanian Pottery Materials, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 139(1): 67-71 (2007).
[39] Hanzlik P., Jehlicka J., Weishauptova Z., Sebek O., Adsorption of Copper, Cadmium and Silver from Aqueous Solutions onto Natural Carbonaceous Materials, Plant Soil and Environment, 50(6): 257-264 (2004).
[40] Aydın H., Bulut Y., Yerlikaya Ç., Removal of Copper (II) From Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Low-Cost Adsorbents, Journal of Environmental Management, 87(1): 37-45 (2008).
[41] Ghaemi A., Torab-Mostaedi M., Shahhosseini S., Asadollahzadeh M., Characterization of Ag (I), Co (II) and Cu (II) Removal Process from Aqueous Solutions Using Dolomite Powder, Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 30(1): 172-180 (2013).
[42]  Li Y.-H., Di Z., Ding J., Wu D., Luan Z., Zhu Y., Adsorption Thermodynamic, Kinetic and Desorption Studies of Pb2+ on Carbon Nanotubes, Water Research, 39(4): 605-609 (2005).
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Volume 41, Issue 4 - Serial Number 114
April 2022
Pages 1126-1136

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics