Removal of PAHs from n-Paraffin by Modified Clinoptilolite

Document Type : Research Note

Authors

Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, P.O. Box 81746-73441 Isfahan, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

The ability of natural clinoptilolite and its modified forms were studied for removal of PAHs from n-paraffin. Surfactant modified zeolite (SMZ) was obtained by modifying clinoptilolite with hexadecyltrimethylammonium ion. Homoionic forms of zeolite were obtained by ion exchange process using inorganic salts of desirable cations (e.g. Ag+, Fe3+…). Natural clinoptilolite and its cation exchanged forms show small affinity toward PAHs, due to their hydrophil nature, whereas SMZ removed more than 50 percent of the initial PAHs contents of n-paraffin. The structure of zeolite did not change upon modification. Regeneration of zeolite was performed efficiently with chloroform.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1] Al-Ameeri, R.S. and Owaysi, F.A., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 28, 809 (1989).
[2] Tiehm, A., Appl. Environ.Microbiol., 60, 258(1994).
[3] Guha, S., Jaffer, P.R. and Perter, C. A., Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 930(1998).
[4] Zhou, M. and Rhue, R.D., Environ. Sci. Technol., 34, 1985 (2000).
[5] Pointo, L.J. and Moore, M.M., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 19, 1741 (2000).
[6] Breck, D.W., "Zeolites Molecular Sieves, Structure, Chemistry, and Use", John Wiley Press, New York, 771 (1974).
[7] Li, Z. and Bowman, R. S., Wat. Res., 35, 322 (2000).
[8] Ming,  D.W. and  Mumpton, F.A., "Natural Zeolites' 93, Occurrences Properties, Uses; ads. International Committee on Natural Zeolites", Brockport Press, New York, pp. 309-324(1995).
[9] Tan, G., "Sorption of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene and Xylenes Onto Surfactant-Modified Zeolite Effects of Temperature and Produced Water", PhD Thesis, University of Texas at Austin (2002).
[10] Sullivan, E.J., Hunter, D. B. and Bowman, R.S., Clays and Clay Minerals, 45, 42 (1997).
[11] Collela, C. and Mumpton, F.A., “Natural Zeolites for the Third Millennium”, DeFrede Editore,  Napoli, Italy, pp. 287-297 (2000).
[12] Isfahan Refinery Complex Catalogue, (2003).
[13] Maxwell, J. A., “Rock and Mineral Analysis”, John Wiley & Sons Press,New York, 682 (1978).
[14] Chmielewska, E., Turk. J. Chem., 27, 639 (2003).
[15] Haggerty, G. M. and Bowman, R. S., Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 452 (1994).
[16] Li, Z., and Bowman, R. S., Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 2407 (1997).
[17] Thomas, K. J., Sunoj, R. B., Chandrasekhar, J. and Ramamurthy, V., Langmuir, 16, 4912 (2000).
[18] Safarik, D. J.  and Eldridge, R. B., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 37, 2571 (1998).
[19] Treacy, M. M. J. and Higgins, J. B., "Collection of Simulated XRD Powder Patterns for Zeolites," Elsevier, NewYork, 586 (2001).