Synergetic effects of hierarchical porosity, chemical, acidic, and hydrothermal modification of the NaY zeolite and their simultaneous use in the technology of the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC)

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Faculty of Chemistry, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 1914, Rasht. I.R. IRAN

2 Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, I.R. IRAN

10.30492/ijcce.2024.2017023.6344

Abstract

Nowadays in the oil refinery process, fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is an imperative conversion technology. In this regard, cracking activity and selectivity are influenced by some factors like acid activation, surface area, and pore structure of ultra-stable Y zeolites (USY). Therefore, different chemical and hydrothermal treatments of zeolite were investigated to stabilize the catalyst and increase the conversion of catalytic cracking process. This work was focused on the properties of two types of modified Y zeolite both of which are based on NaY zeolite. To improve the stability of zeolites, they were treated with different techniques such as chemical (adding rare earth elements (REE) or boric acid), acidic (hexafluorosilicic acid), and hydrothermal techniques. Finally, they were used simultaneously in the formulation of the FCC to improve its performance and selectivity which undoubtedly have a tremendous impact on the conversion process. The characterization of the modified zeolites and the FCC final product was performed by N2-porosimetry, X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Accordingly, XRF showed a high silicate content level in synthesized zeolites, XRD indicates the appropriate Si/Al ratio in FCC, N2-porosimetry revealed the creation of porous zeolite crystal of their sodalite cage and presence of micro-meso structure of USY samples with higher microporosity. ICP-OES was performed to find out the boron concentration. The obtained Final product catalyst was evaluated in a micro-activity testing (MAT) unit, also Carbon-Hydrogen-Nitrogen analysis (CHN), and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) were done to measure the coke content of spent FCC to prove its better performance.

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Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 14 April 2024

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