Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1
Department of Food Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Food Science and Technology, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
3
Department of food science and technology, faculty of biological science, north Tehran branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran.
4
Department of Food Science and Technology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted leaching process (UALP) was gone through to improve the extraction process and recovery of biophenolic compounds (BPCs) from dried pomegranate biowaste (DPB). In addition, the leaching process was optimized under the operating conditions of temperature (25-85oC), time (20-60 min), and ultrasonic wave amplitude (0-100%) to make the freeze-dried pomegranate biowaste extract (FDPB) based on the quality indicators of the extraction productivity ratio (TPC/EC50) and tannin concentration (TC). Accordingly, the ratio of (TPC/EC50) and the TC value of FDPB increased significantly, under the convectional leaching process (CLP) and operating conditions (55oC and 60 min) to ~1.04 and 20.78 mg CyaE/[g DM], respectively. However, the mentioned parameter increased to ~1.65 and 25.77 mg CyaE/[g DM], respectively, after applying the UALP treatment under similar conditions. Furthermore, the HPLC injections of the FDPB extract indicated that the most abundant compounds isolated from the DPB were p-Coumaric acid, Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, and Caffeic acid. Besides, the dominant chemical functional groups were identified by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Generally, the UALP of BPCs from the FDPB extract used less energy than the one extracted using the CLP.
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