An Extraction Study of Gallium and Indium from Chloride and Sulphate Media with Sec-Nonylphenoxy Acetic Acid in Kerosene

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin 136000, P.R. CHINA

2 Department of Bioengineering, Jilin Business and Technology College, Xi An Road No. 4728, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. CHINA

3 Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese AAcademy of Science, Shenyang 110016, P.R. CHINA

4 Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P.R. CHINA

Abstract

The distribution of gallium(b) and indium (b) between hydrochloric or sulphuric acid solution with sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid(CA-100) in kerosene has been investigated under various conditions. CA-100 is a new organocarboxylic extractant, which has been shown to be efficient for gallium(b) and indium(b) whereas germanium(c), which was not extracted. The extraction system is studied as a function of initial pH, equilibration time, CA-100 concentration and aqueous ionic media(Cl- and SO42-). Extraction mechanism is discussed on the basis of slope-analysis method, constant molecular series method and saturation capacity method. It was found that sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid was extracted into the organic phase by formation of the MA3HA species from chloride media and in the form of MA3 from sulphate media.(M=Ga and In) The equilibrium equations are proposed on the basis of the results that obtained.

Keywords


[1] Miller F., Carboxylic Acids as Metal Extractants, Talanta, 21, 685-703 (1974).
[2] PrestonJ.S., Solvent Extraction of Metals by Carboxylic Acids, Hydrometallurgy, 14(2), p. 171 (1985).
[3] MihaylovI., Distin P.A., Gallium Solvent Extraction in Hydrometallurgy: an Overiew, Hydrometallurgy, 28(1), 13-27 (1992).
[4] Paiva A.P., Recovery of Indium from Aqueous Solutions by Solvent Extraction, Separation Sepa. Sci. Tech., 36(7), p. 1395 (2001).
[5] Zhang X.Y., Yin G.Y., Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Gallium(b) from Chloride Media with Carboxylic Acids in Kerosene, Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., 20(1), p. 115 (2001)
[6] Hokura A., Noro J.J., Kusakabe S. et al., A Novel Synergism Found in the Extraction of In (b) Ion with TTA and TOPO in Carbon Tetrachloride. International Solvent Extraction Conference, ISEC’2002, Cape Town, South Africa, March. pp. 425-429 (2001).
[7] Bhattacharya B., Mandal D.K., Mukherjee S., Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Gallium(b) with LIX26., Sepa. Sci. Tech., 38(6), p. 1417 (2003).
[8] Ramunas J. M., Arthur E.M., Stephen A.K. et al., The Gallium(III) and Indium(III) Complexes of Tris(2-mercaptobenzyl)amine and Tris(2-hydroxy- benzyl)amine, Inorg. Chem., 37(22), p. 5902 (1998).
[9] Hirayama N., Horita Y., Oshima S. et al., Selective Extraction of Gallium from Aluminum and Indium Using Tripod Phenolic Ligands, Talanta, 53, p. 857 (2001).
[10] Zeng D.M., Hu A.P., Shu W.Y., Liu Y.N., Lei C.X., Study on the Method of Recovering and Separation Indium from Residue Containing Indium, J. of Cental South University of Technology, 9(2), p. 104 (2002).
[11] Lee M.S.,  Ahn J.G.,  Lee E.C.,  Solvent  Extraction Separation of Indium and Gallium from Sulphate Solutions Using D2EHPA., Hydrometallurgy, 63(1), 269-276 (2002).
[12] FleitlikhI., Pashkov G., Stoyanov E. et al., Extraction of Indium from Sulfuric Acid Solutions by Mixtures of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phosphoric and Octanoic Acids, Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., 20(6), 765-777 (2002).
[13] Fortes M.C.B.,  Martin A.H.,  Benedetto J.S., Indium Recovery from Acidic Aqueous Solutions by Solvent extraction with D2EHPA: a Statistical Approach to the Experimental Design, Brazilian J. of Chemical Engineering, 20(2), 121-128 (2003).
[14] Jeenet J., Purushottam D., Solvent Extraction Separation of Gallium(III) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphonic Acid Mono 2-Ethylhexyl Ester (PC-88A), Hydrometallurgy, 50(2), p. 117 (1998).
[15] Inoue K., Yoshizuka K., Ohto K., Babasaki S., Effect of Chloride Ions on the Extraction of Indium with PC-88Afrom Sulfuric Acid, Solvent Extr, Res. Development-Japan, 8, p. 1 (2001).
[16] Teramoto M., Kariya A., Yonehara T. et al., Separation of Gallium and Indium by Supported Liquid Membranes Containing 2-Bromodecanoic Acid as Carrier: Design of Supported Liquid Membrane Module Based on Batch Permeation Experiments, Hydrometallurgy, 33(1-2), 1-15 (1993).
[17] Lee H.Y.,  Kim S.G.,  Oh, J. K., S toichiometric Relation for Extraction of Zirconium and Hafnium from Acidic Chloride Solutions with Versatic Acid 10, Hydrometallurgy, 73(1-2), 91-97 (2004).
[18] Singh D.K., Singh H., Mathur J.N., Extraction of Rare Earths and Yttrium with High Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids, Hydrometallurgy, 81(3-4), 174-181 (2006).
[19] Zhang X.Y., Yin G.Y., Hu Z.G., Extraction and Separation of Gallium, Indium and Thallium with Several Carboxylic Acids from Chloride Media, Talanta, 59(5), p. 905 (2003).