Effects of Viscosity Variations on Buoyancy-Driven Flow from a Horizontal Circular Cylinder Immersed in Al2O3-Water Nanofluid

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Energy Technologies Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRAN

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

The buoyancy-driven boundary-layer flow from a heated horizontal circular cylinder immersed in a water-based alumina (Al2O3) nanofluid is investigated using variable properties for nanofluid viscosity. Two different viscosity models are utilized to evaluate heat transfer enhancement from a cylinder. Exact analytic solutions of the problem are attained employing a novel powerful technique is known as the Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method (OHAM). The accuracy and reliability of the results are verified by comparing them with experimental results in the literature. It is found that the characteristics of flow and temperature distributions are significantly influenced by the volume fraction of alumina nanoparticles, as well as nanofluid viscosity models. Enhancing the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the surface shear stress and the local Nusselt number both increase in the middle regions of the cylinder. The results also indicated that with increasing the nanoparticles volume fraction, isotherms become less dense and the absolute values of the stream-function decrease within the domain. Based on the results of the parametric study, two correlations (based on two different effective viscosity models) are proposed for the average Nusselt number of the alumina-water nanofluid in terms of volume fraction of the nanoparticles and the Rayleigh number which can be used as benchmarks for future investigations. However, uncertainties of viscosity models showed different manners on heat transfer coefficient versus nanoparticles volume fraction.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Sparrow E.M., Lee L., Analysis of Mixed Convection About a Circular Cylinder, International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer, 19: 229–236 (1976).
[2] Merkin J.H., Free Convection Boundary Layer on an Isothermal Horizontal Circular Cylinder, ASME/AIChE, Heat Transfer Conference, St. Louis, MO (1976).
[3] Merkin J.H., Free Convection Boundary Layers on Cylinders of Elliptic Cross Section, Journal of Heat Transfer, 99(3): 453-457 (1977).
[4] Merkin J.H., Mixed Convection a Horizontal Circular Cylinder, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 20: 73–77 (1977).
[5] Ingham D.B., Free-Convection Boundary Layer on an Isothermal Horizontal Cylinder, Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics (ZAMP), 29(6):871-883 (1978).
[6] Kuehn T.H., Goldstein R.J., Numerical Solution to the Navier-Stokes Equations for Laminar Natural Convection About a Horizontal Isothermal Circular Cylinder, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 23(7): 971-979 (1980).
[7] Merkin J.H., Pop I., A Note on the Free Convection Boundary Layer on a Horizontal Circular Cylinder with Constant Heat Flux, Wärme- und Stoffübertragung, 22(1-2):79-81 (1988).
[8] Morgan V.T., Heat Transfer by Natural Convection from a Horizontal Isothermal Circular Cylinder in Air, Heat Transfer Engineering, 18(1):25-33 (1997).
[9] Nazar R., Amin N., Pop I., Free Convection Boundary Layer on a Horizontal Circular Cylinder with Constant Heat Flux in a Micropolar Fluid, International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 7(2):409–431 (2002).
[10] Molla M.M., Hossain M.A., Gorla R., Natural Convection Flow from an Isothermal Horizontal Circular Cylinder with Temperature Dependent Viscosity, Heat and Mass Transfer, 41(7): 594-598 (2005).
[11] Molla M.M., Hossain M.A., Paul M.C., Natural Convection Flow from an Isothermal Horizontal Circular Cylinder in Presence of Heat Generation, International Journal of Engineering Science, 44(13–14): 949-958 (2006).
[12] Molla M.M., Paul S.C., Hossain M.A., Natural Convection Flow from a Horizontal Circular Cylinder with Uniform Heat Flux in Presence of Heat Generation, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 33(7): 3226-3236 (2009).
[13] Chung B.-J., Eoh J.-H., Heo J.-H., Visualization of Natural Convection Heat Transfer on Horizontal Cylinders, Heat and Mass Transfer, 47(11):1445-1452 (2011).
[14] Prhashanna A., Chhabra R.P., Laminar Natural Convection from a Horizontal Cylinder in Power-Law Fluids, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 50(4): 2424-2440 (2011).
[15] Azim N.A., Chowdhury M.K., MHD-Conjugate Free Convection from an Isothermal Horizontal Circular Cylinder with Joule Heating and Heat Generation, Journal of Computational Methods in Physics, 2013:11 (2013).
[16] Bhuiyan A., Azim N., Chowdhury M., Joule Heating Effects on MHD Natural Convection Flows in Presence of Pressure Stress Work and Viscous Dissipation from a Horizontal Circular Cylinder, Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, 7(1):7-13 (2014).
[17] Javed T., Majeed A., Mustafa I., MHD Effects on Natural Convection Laminar Flow from a Horizontal Circular Cylinder in Presence of Radiation, Revista Mexicana de Física, 61:450-457 (2015).
[18] Sebastian G., Shine S.R., Natural Convection from Horizontal Heated Cylinder with and Without Horizontal Confinement, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 82:325-334 (2015).
[19] Das S.K., Choi S.U.S., Yu W., Pradeep T., “Nanofluids: Science and Technology”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 389-397 (2007).
[20] Wang X.-Q., Mujumdar A.S., Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids: a Review, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 46(1):1-19 (2007).
[21] Wang X.-Q., Mujumdar A.S., A Review on Nanofluids - Part I: Theoretical and Numerical Investigations, Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, (2008).
[22] Kakaç S., Pramuanjaroenkij A., Review of Convective Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52(13–14):3187-3196 (2009).
[23] Arefmanesh A., Amini M., Mahmoodi M., Najafi M., Buoyancy-Driven Heat Transfer Analysis in Two-Square Duct Annuli Filled with a Nanofluid, European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids, 33: 95-104 (2012).
[24] Bég O.A., Rashidi M.M., Akbari M., Hosseini A., Comparative Numerical Study of Single-Phase and Two-Phase Models for Bio-Nanofluid Transport Phenomena, Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 14(01): 1450011 (2014).
[25] Goodarzi M., Safaei M.R., Vafai K., Ahmadi G., Dahari M., Kazi S.N., Jomhari N., Investigation of Nanofluid Mixed Convection in a Shallow Cavity Using a Two-Phase Mixture Model, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 75 (Supplement C): 204-220 (2014).
[26] Jani S., Mahmoodi M., Amini M., Akbari M., Free Convection in Rectangular Enclosures Containing Nanofluid with Nanoparticles of Various Diameters,  45(2): 145-169 (2014).
[27] Jafari A., Shahmohammadi A., Mousavi S.M., CFD Investigation of Gravitational Sedimentation Effect on Heat Transfer of a Nano-Ferrofluid, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (IJCCE), 34(1): 87-96 (2015).
[28] Khalili S., Tamim H., Khalili A., Rashidi M.M., Unsteady Convective Heat and Mass Transfer in Pseudoplastic Nanofluid over a Stretching Wall, Adv. Powder Technol., 26(5):1319-1326 (2015).
[29] Kherbeet A.S., Mohammed H.A., Salman B.H., Ahmed H.E., Alawi O.A., Rashidi M.M., Experimental Study of Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer over Microscale Backward- and Forward-Facing Steps, Exp. Therm Fluid Sci., 65 (Supplement C): 13-21 (2015).
[30] Mohebbi K., Rafee R., Talebi F., Effects of Rib Shapes on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Turbulent Flow of Al2O3-Water Nanofluid inside Ribbed Tubes, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (IJCCE), 34(3): 61-77 (2015).
[31] Bashirnezhad K., Bazri S., Safaei M.R., Goodarzi M., Dahari M., Mahian O., Dalkılıça A.S., Wongwises S., Viscosity of Nanofluids: A Review of Recent Experimental Studies, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 73(Supplement C):114-123 (2016).
[32] Bhatti M.M., Rashidi M.M., Effects of Thermo-Diffusion and Thermal Radiation on Williamson Nanofluid over a Porous Shrinking/Stretching Sheet, J. Mol. Liq., 221(Supplement C):567-573 (2016).
[33] Rashidi M.M., Nasiri M., Khezerloo M., Laraqi N., Numerical Investigation of Magnetic Field Effect on Mixed Convection Heat Transfer of Nanofluid in a Channel with Sinusoidal Walls, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 401 (Supplement C): 159-168 (2016).
[34] Safaei M., Ahmadi G., Goodarzi M., Kamyar A., Kazi S., Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer of FMWCNT/Water Nanofluids over a Flat Plate, Fluids, 1(4):31 (2016).
[35] Safaei M., Ahmadi G., Goodarzi M., Safdari Shadloo M., Goshayeshi H., Dahari M., Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Fully Developed Turbulent Flows of Graphene Nanoplatelets–Silver/Water Nanofluids, Fluids, 1(3):20 (2016).
[36] Safaei M.R., Shadloo M.S., Goodarzi M.S., Hadjadj A., Goshayeshi H.R., Afrand M., Kazi S.N., A Survey on Experimental and Numerical Studies of Convection Heat Transfer of Nanofluids Inside Closed Conduits, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(10):1687814016673569 (2016).
[37] Akram S., Nadeem S., Influence of Nanoparticles Phenomena on the Peristaltic Flow of Pseudoplastic Fluid in an Inclined Asymmetric Channel with Different Wave Forms, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (IJCCE), 36(2):107-124 (2017).
[38] Arani A.A.A., Akbari O.A., Safaei M.R., Marzban A., Alrashed A.A.A.A., Ahmadi G.R., Nguyen T.K., Heat Transfer Improvement of Water/Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) Nanofluid in a Novel Design of a Truncated Double-Layered Microchannel Heat Sink, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 113(Supplement C):780-795 (2017).
[39] Valipour M.S., Ghadi A.Z., Numerical Investigation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Around a Solid Circular Cylinder Utilizing Nanofluid, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 38(9): 1296-1304 (2011).
[40] Nazar R., Tham L., Pop I., Ingham D.B., Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Flow from a Horizontal Circular Cylinder Embedded in a Porous Medium Filled with a Nanofluid, Transp Porous Med, 86(2): 517-536 (2011).
[41] Tham L., Nazar R., Pop I., Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Flow Past a Horizontal Circular Cylinder Embedded in a Porous Medium Saturated by a Nanofluid: Brinkman Model, Journal of Porous Media, 16(5): 445-457 (2013).
[42] Prasad V.R., Gaffar S.A., Reddy E.K., Bég O.A., Flow and Heat Transfer of Jeffreys Non-Newtonian Fluid from Horizontal Circular Cylinder, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, 28(4):764-770 (2014).
[43] Prasad V.R., Gaffar S.A., Bég O.A., Heat and Mass Transfer of Nanofluid from Horizontal Cylinder
to Micropolar Fluid, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, 29(1):127-139 (2014).
[44] Reddy P.S., Chamkha A.J., Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluid over Horizontal Circular Cylinder, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, (2016).
[45] Liao S., "Beyond Perturbation: Introduction to the Homotopy Analysis Method". Chapman and Hall/CRC (2003).
[46] Brinkman H.C., The Viscosity of Concentrated Suspensions and Solutions, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 20(4):571-571 (1952).
[47] Maïga S.E.B., Palm S.J., Nguyen C.T., Roy G., Galanis N., Heat Transfer Enhancement by Using Nanofluids in Forced Convection Flows, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 26(4):530-546 (2005).
[48] Batchelor G.K., The effect of Brownian motion on the Bulk Stress in a Suspension of Spherical Particles, J. Fluid Mech., 83(1):97-117 (2006).
[49] Corcione M., Empirical Correlating Equations for Predicting the Effective Thermal Conductivity and Dynamic Viscosity of Nanofluids, Energy Convers. Manage., 52(1):789-793 (2011).
[50] Heyhat M.M., Kowsary F., Rashidi A.M., Momenpour M.H., Amrollahi A., Experimental Investigation of Laminar Convective Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Water-Based Al2O3 Nanofluids in Fully Developed Flow Regime, Exp. Therm Fluid Sci., 44(Supplement C):483-489 (2013).
[51] Chandrasekar M., Suresh S., Chandra Bose A., Experimental Investigations and Theoretical Determination of Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity of Al2O3/Water Nanofluid, Exp. Therm Fluid Sci., 34(2):210-216 (2010).
[52] Sekhar Y.R., Sharma K.V., Study of Viscosity and Specific Heat Capacity Characteristics of Water-Based Al2O3 Nanofluids at Low particle Concentrations, Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, 10(2):86-102 (2015).
[53] Hatschek E., The General Theory of Viscosity of Two-Phase Systems, Transactions of the Faraday Society, 9(0): 80-92 (1913).
[54] Garnett J.C.M., Colours in Metal Glasses and in Metallic Films, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 203(359-371): 385-420 (1904).
[55] Liao S., An Optimal Homotopy-Analysis Approach for Strongly Nonlinear Differential Equations, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 15(8):2003-2016 (2010).
[56] Churchill S.W., Chu H.H.S., Correlating Equations for Laminar and Turbulent Free Convection from
a Horizontal Cylinder, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 18(9):1049-1053 (1975).
[57] Davis A.H., XXXI. Natural Convective Cooling of Wires, Philosophical Magazine Series 6, 43(254): 329-339 (1922).
[58] Koch W., Über die Wärmeabgabe Ggeheizter Rohre Bei Vrschiedener Neigung der Rohrachse, Gesundh. Ing. Beih., 22(1):1–29 (1927).
[59] Senftleben H., DieWärmeabgabe von Körpern Verschiedener Form in Flüssigkeiten und Gasen Bei Freier Strömung, Zeitschrift für Angewandte Physik, 3:361-373 (1951).
[60] Merk H.J., Prins J.A., Thermal Convection in Laminar Boundary Layers III, Appl. sci. Res., 4(3): 207-221 (1954).
[61] Muntasser M.A., Mulligan J.C., A Local Nonsimilarity Analysis of Free Convection from a Horizontal Cylindrical Surface, Journal of Heat Transfer, 100(1): 165-167 (1978).
[62] Clemes S.B., Hollands K.G.T., Brunger A.P., Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Long Horizontal Isothermal Cylinders, Journal of Heat Transfer, 116(1): 96-104 (1994).
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Volume 38, Issue 1 - Serial Number 93
January and February 2019
Pages 213-232

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics