The Simple Method of Synthesizing Calcite and Aragonite from Indonesian Limestone

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Natural Science Education Study Program, Faculty of Education, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Bangkalan, INDONESIA

2 Department of Physics, Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, INDONESIA

Abstract

Precipitated CaCO3 (PCC) with calcite and aragonite phases have been successfully synthesized using natural limestone. Synthesis of PCC was carried out by the simple method of carbonation using slurry Ca(OH)2 with a variation of CO2 gas flow rate at room temperature and variation of temperatures at a constant  CO2 gas flow rate. The raw material used is a very high purity Madura Island limestone. The PCC product was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). PCC on CO2 gas flow variation produced the same phase, calcite with the characteristic of 2θ = 29.23° (104), rhombohedral cubic morphology, and a wavenumber of 712 cm-1 as displayed from the FTIR spectra. The mixture of aragonite and calcite phase was observed in PCC products with temperature variations of 60 - 90°C. The characteristic aragonite was observed at 2θ = 26.2° with needle-like morphology. The highest fraction of aragonite was at the temperature of 60°C at 71.35%.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Gopi S., Subramanian V. K., Palanisamy K., Aragonite – Calcite – Vaterite : A Temperature Influenced Sequential Polymorphic Transformation of CaCO3 in the Presence of DTPA, Mater. Res. Bull., 48:1906–1912 (2013).
[2] Han Y. S., Hadiko G., Fuji M., Takahashi M., Effect of Flow Rate and CO2 Content on the Phase and Morphology of CaCO3 Prepared by Bubbling Method, J. Cryst. Growth, 276:541–548 (2005).
[3] Jimoh O. A., Shah K., Hashim A., Hussin B., Temitope A. E., Synthesis of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate : A Review, Carbonates and Evaporites, 33: 331–346 (2018).
[4] Ramakrishna C., Thenepalli T., Ahn J. W., A Brief Review of Aragonite Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Synthesis Methods and Its Applications, Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 55: 443–455 (2017).
[5] Jimoh O. A., Otitoju T. A., Hussin H., Shah K., Baharun N., Understanding the Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Production Mechanism and Its Characteristics in the Liquid – Gas System Using Milk of Lime (MOL) Suspension, South African Journal of Chemistry, 1:1–7 (2017).
[6] Kim B. J., Park E. H., Choi K. D., Kang K. S., Synthesis of CaCO3 Using CO2 at Room Temperature and Ambient Pressure, Mater. Lett., 190: 45–47 (2017).
[7] Kirboga S. and Oner M., Effect of the Experimental Parameters on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation, Chem. Eng. Trans., 32:119–2124 (2013).
[8] Ukrainczyk M., Kontrec J., Babi V., Bre L., Kralj D., Experimental Design Approach to Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in a Semicontinuous Process, Powder Technol., 171:192–199 (2007).
[9] Zhao L.  and Wang X., Synthesis of Novel Plate-Shaped Nano-Calcium Carbonate by a Bubbling Method, Proceeding of the 7th National Conference on Functional Materials and Applications, 2009–2010 (2010).
[10] Arifin Z., Apriliani N. F., Zainuri M., and Darminto D., Characterization of Precipitated CaCO3 Synthesized from Dolomite, Proceeding of 3rd International Conference on Functional Material Science  36:10–12 (2012).
[11] Pankaew P., Kaewwiset W., Naemchanthara K., Hoonnivathana E., and Limsuwan P., Characterization of CaCO3 Polymorphs Prepared from Waste Eggshell, 9: 6085–609 (2014).
[12] Thriveni T., Ahn J. W., Ramakrishna C., Ahn Y. J., Han C., Synthesis of Nano Precipitated Calcium Carbonate by Using a Carbonation Process Through a Closed Loop Reactor, J. Korean Phys. Soc., 68:131–137 (2016).
[13] Altiner M., Yildirim M., Production and Characterization of Synthetic Aragonite Prepared from Dolomite by Eco-Friendly Leaching–Carbonation Process, Adv. Powder Technol., 53: 413-426 (2017).
[14] Ulkeryildiz E., Kilic S., Ozdemir E., Nano-CaCO3 Synthesis by Jet Flow, Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 512: 34–40 (2017).
[15] Kanoje B., Patel D., Kuperkar K., Morphology Modification in Freshly Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Particles Using Surfactant-Polymer Template, Mater. Lett., 187: 44–48 (2017).
[16] Sonawane S. H., Shirsathb S. R., Khannac P.K., Pawara S., Mahajana C. M., Paithankara V., Shindea V., Kapadnis C.V., An Innovative Method For Effective Micro-Mixing of CO2 Gas During Synthesis of Nano-Calcite Crystal Using Sonochemical Carbonization, Chem. Eng. J., 143: 308–313 (2008).
[17] Sonawane S. H., Gumfekar S. P., Kate K. H., Meshram S. P., Kunte K. J., Ramjee L.,1 Mahajan C. M., Parande M. G., Ashokkumar M., Hydrodynamic Cavitation-Assisted Synthesis of Nanocalcite, Int.
J. Chem. Eng. 2010: 1-8 (2010).
[18] Ota Y., Inui S., Iwashita T., Kasuga T., Abe Y., Preparation of Aragonite Whiskers, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 78:1983–1984 (1995).
[19] Wang L., Sondi I., Matijevic E., Preparation of Uniform Needle-Like Aragonite Particles by Homogeneous Precipitation, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 553: 545–553 (1999).
[20] Ahn J. W., Choi K. S., Yoon S. H., Kim H., Synthesis of Aragonite by the Carbonation Process, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 87: 286–288 (2004)
[21] Zhou G. T., Yu J. C., Wang X. C., Zhang L. Z., Sonochemical Synthesis of Aragonite-Type Calcium Carbonate with Different Morphologies, New J. Chem., 28: 1027–1031, (2004).
[22] Nassif N., Gehrke N., Pinna N., Shirshova N., Tauer K., Antonietti M., Colfen H., Synthesis of stable Aragonite Superstructures by a Biomimetic Crystallization Pathway, Angew. Chemie - Int. Ed., 44: 6004–6009 (2005).
[23] Park W. K., Ko S., Woo S., Cho K., Ahn J., Han C., Effects of Magnesium Chloride and Organic Additives on the Synthesis of Aragonite Precipitated Calcium Carbonate, J. Cryst. Growth, 310: 593–2601 (2008).
[24] Santos R. M., Ceulemans P., Gerven T. V., Synthesis of Pure Aragonite by Sonochemical Mineral Carbonation, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 90: 715–725 (2012).
[25] Thriveni T., Ramakrishna C., Jegal Y. Ahn J. W., Aragonite Precipitated Calcium Carbonate – Filler for Light Weight Plastics, Sch. J. Eng Tech. 3: 207–211 (2015).
[26] Santos R.M., Thijs J., Georgakopoulos E., Chiang Y. W., Creemers A., Gerven T. V., Improving the Yield of Sonochemical Precipitated Aragonite Synthesis by Scaling up Intensified Conditions, Chem. Eng. Commun., 203:1671-1680(2016).
[27] Ramakrishna C.,  Thenepalli T., Huh J. H., Ahn J. W., Communication Preparation of Needle like Aragonite Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) from Dolomite by Carbonation Method, J. Korean Ceram. Soc. 53: 7–12 (2016).
[28] Tong H., Ma W., Wang L., Wan P., Hu J., Cao L., Control over the Crystal Phase, Shape, Size and Aggregation of Calcium Carbonate via a L -Aspartic Acid Inducing Process, Biomaterials 25: 3923–3929 (2004).
[29] Arifin Z.; Pratapa S., Triwikantoro, Darminto, Analysis of CaCO3 Products from Lime Solution, AIP Conf. Proc. 1–5 (2013).
[30] Škapin S. D., Sondi I., Synthesis and Characterization of Calcite and Aragonite in Polyol Liquids: Control over Structure and Morphology, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 347: 221-226 (2010).
[31] Altiner M., Influences of CO2 Bubbling Types on Preparation of Calcite Nanoparticles by Carbonation Process, Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng. 62:209-214 (2017).
[32] Muhamad N., Rafiq M., Kadir A., The Stabilisation of Calcium Carbonate Vaterite Phase via Integration of Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine, “International Medical Device and Technology Conference”, 203–206 (2017).
[33] Sun J., Wang L., Zhao D., Polymorph and Morphology Of CaCO3 in Relation to Precipitation Conditions in a Bubbling System, Chinese J. Chem. Eng., 25: 1335-1342 (2017).
[34] Arifin Z., Riyanto A., Lailiyah Q., Triwikantoro, Pratapa S., Darminto, Precipitated CaCO3 with Unique Crystalline Morphology Prepared from Limestone, Trans. Indian Ceram. Soc., 74: 202–207 (2015).
[35] Dagaonkar M. V., Mehra A., Jain R., Heeres H. J., Synthesis of CaCO3 Nanoparticles by Carbonation of Lime Solutions in Reverse Micellar Systems, Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 82: 1438–1443 (2004).
[36] Munawaroh F., Muharrami L. K., Triwikantoro T., Arifin Z., “Characterization of Limestone in Pamekasan Madura Island as Raw Material for Producing Nano Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (NPCC)”,  IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 395 012009 (2018).
[37] Munawaroh F., Muharrami L. K., Triwikantoro T., Arifin Z., “The Effect Of CO2 Gas Flow Rate on Precipitated CaCO3 Formed at Room Temperature”, AIP Conference Proceedings 2014,  020109: (2018).
[38] MacDonald G. J. F., Experimental Determination of Calcite- Aragonite Equilibrium, Relations at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures, Am. Mineral., 41: 744–756 (1956).
[39] Gopi S., Subramanian V. K., Anomalous Transformation of Calcite to Vaterite : Significance of HEDTA on Crystallization Behavior and Polymorphism at Elevated Temperatures, Indian J. Chem. 52: 342–349 (2013).
[40] Mantilaka M. M. M. G. P. G., Wijesinghe W. P. S. L., Pitawala H. M. T. G. A., Rajapakse R. M. G., Karunaratne D. G. G. P., Surfactant-Assisted Synthesis of Pure Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles from Sri Lankan Dolomite, J. Natl. Sci. Found. Sri Lanka, 42: 221–228 (2014).
[41] Gadami Jadval Ghadam A., Indris M., Characterization of CaCO3 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Reverse Microemulsion Technique in Different Concentrations of Surfactants, Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. (IJCCE), 32: 27-35 (2013).
[42] Luo X., Song X., Cao Y., Song L., Bu Z., Investigation of Calcium Carbonate Synthesized by Steamed Ammonia Liquid Waste without Use of Additives, RSV Adv., 10:7976-7986 (2020).
[43] Baqiya M. A., Lailiyah Q., Riyanto A., Arifin Z., Triwikantoro, Zainuri M., Pratapa S., Darminto, Precipitation Process of CaCO3 from Natural Limestone for Functional Materials, J. AOAC Int., 103:373-381(2020).
[44] Duric S., Brankov S., Stanojevi P., Božikovi R., Experimental Examination of Sulfur Dioxide Dry Removal from a Mixture of Gases by Calcium Oxide, Calcium Carbonate and Dolomite, Iran. J. Chem. Chem Eng. (IJCCE), 31: 45-51(2012).
[45] Askari S., Halladj R., Nikazar M., Study and Kinetic Modeling of Direct Sulfation of Iranian Limestones by Sulfur Dioxide at High CO2 Partial Pressure, Iran. J. Chem. Chem Eng. (IJCCE), 27: 45-50(2008).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics