Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Cellulose Sulfuric Acid: As an Efficient Bio Polymer Based Catalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Sulfides and Thiols by Hydrogen Peroxide171132510.30492/ijcce.2014.11325ENAhmad ShaabaniFaculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box 19396-4716 Tehran, I.R. IRANNasim GanjiFaculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box 19396-4716 Tehran, I.R. IRANMozhdeh SeyyedhamzehFaculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box 19396-4716 Tehran, I.R. IRANHamid MofakhamFaculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, P.O. Box 19396-4716 Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130922<em>Cellulose sulfuric acid as a bio-polymer based solid catalyst efficiently catalyzes the selectively oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and thiols to disulfides using hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant with good yields at room temperature. The developed method offers a number of advantages such as high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, cleaner reaction profiles, low cost and biodegradability of the catalyst.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Synthesis and Characterization of Homo and Heterobimetallic Complexes with a Dicompartmental Macrocyclic Ligand Containing Propionitrile Pendent Arms9201132610.30492/ijcce.2014.11326ENHamid GolchoubianDepartment of Chemistry , University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 47416-95447 Babolsar, I.R. IRANAtie ShirvanDepartment of Chemistry, Mohammad Reza Hariri Science Foundation,
P.O. Box 47146-38474 Babol, I.R. IRANJournal Article20140208<em>A binuclear macrocyclic ligand containing dissimilar N(amine)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and N(imine)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> coordination sites sharing two phenolic oxygen atoms, was prepared by cyclic condensation of dialdehyde precursor L<sup>1</sup>H<sub>2</sub> with 1,3-diaminopropane. The ligand includes two propionitrile pendant arms on the amine nitrogen atoms. The homobimetallic complex [ZnL<sup>2</sup>Zn(OAc)]PF<sub>6</sub> was synthesized by one step procedure. Heterobimetallic complexes [ZnL<sup>2</sup>M(OAc)]PF<sub>6 </sub> that M= Cu(II) and Ni(II), were prepared by a trans-metallation reaction. The prepared complexes were characterized on the basis of molar conductance measurement, elemental analysis, IR, NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques. Characterization results showed that the nitrogen atoms of propionitrile pendant arms are not involved in the coordination to the metal center and also the two metal ions are bridged by two phenolic oxygen atoms and an acetate group.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Spiked Calibration Curve: A Valid Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Pesticides in Melon Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)21271132710.30492/ijcce.2014.11327ENShahram ShoeibiFood and Drug Laboratories Research Center (FDLRC), Food and Drug Organization (FDO),
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. IRANIman Moazzami GoudarziSchool of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, I.R. IRANHossein RastegarFood and Drug Laboratories Research Center (FDLRC), Food and Drug Organization (FDO),
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. IRANBehrouz JanatFood and Drug Laboratories Research Center (FDLRC), Food and Drug Organization (FDO),
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. IRANNafiseh SadeghiDepartment of Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. IRANMannan HajimahmoodiDepartment of Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. IRANMaryam AmirahmadiFood and Drug Laboratories Research Center (FDLRC), Food and Drug Organization (FDO),
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20120919<em>Recently, with increasing public awareness of food safety, developments of some valid and rapidly analytical methods are required for the determination of residual pesticides in crops.This study was conducted on validation of a reliable, accurate and precise method for multi analysis </em><em>of pesticides residue in melon as a main fruit in Iranian food basket. A reliable, and valid method based on </em><em>spiked calibration curves and modified QuEChERS sample preparation was developed for determination of 12 pesticide residues in melon by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The interested pesticides are, diazinon, dimethoate, chlorothalonil, pirimicarb, chlorpyrifos-methyl, metalaxyl, α-endosulfan, ß -endosulfan, permethrin 1, 2 and fenvalerate 1, 2 that are belonged to different chemical groups of pesticides. Triphenylmethane (TPM) is used as internal standard. Use of spiked</em><em>samples </em><em>for constructing the calibration curve substantially reduced adverse matrix-related effects. The recovery of pesticides at 3 concentration levels (n=3) was in range of </em><em>79.8-97.6%.</em><em> The method was proved to be repeatable with RSD lower than 20%. The limits of quantification for all pesticides were <em> The recoveries and repeatabilities were in accordance with the criteria set by </em><em>SANCO Guideline (Commission of the European Communities, 2006).</em><em> Using spiked samples for preparation</em><em> of calibration curves is a sensitive, selective, rugged, rapid and accurate method in pesticides analysis.</em></em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Adsorption of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution on Fly Ash Based Linde F (K) Zeolite29351132810.30492/ijcce.2014.11328ENChen ChenSchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,
Zhenjiang 212018, CHINA0000-0003-3714-7076Ting ChengDepartment of City Science, Jiangsu City Vocational College, Nanjing 210036, CHINAYisu ShiSchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,
Zhenjiang 212018, CHINAYuan TianSchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,
Zhenjiang 212018, CHINAJournal Article20130717<em>The work focuses on the removing of Cu(</em><em>II</em><em>) from aqueous solution by Linde F(K) zeolite. The zeolite is synthesized from fly ash by hydrothermal process. The adsorption experiments discuss several factors including the optimal solution pH, zeolite dosage, adsorption temperature, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm equation. The results show that, the </em><em>optimal solution pH is 6 and the efficient zeolite dosage is 4g/L. </em><em>Higher reaction temperature could favor the removal of Cu(</em><em>II</em><em>). The adsorption of Cu(II) on Linde F (K) zeolite is monolayer adsorption. The experiment data could be calculated by pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous and the system disorder increases with temperature.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Application of Spherical Mesoporous Silica MCM-41 for Adsorption of Dibenzothiophene (A Sulfur Containing Compound) from Model Oil37421132910.30492/ijcce.2014.11329ENNavid Ahmadi NasabBiotechnology Department, University of Guilan, University Campus 2, Guilan, I.R. IRANHassan Hassani KumlehBiotechnology Department, University of Guilan, University Campus 2, Guilan, I.R. IRANMahmood KazemzadMaterials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, I.R. IRANFarideh GhavipanjehMaterials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130303<em>Spherical mesoporous silica MCM-41 was synthesized for adsorptive removal of sulfur compounds from fossil fuels using 1mM solution of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in dodecane as model oil. The prepared silica adsorbent has been characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis as well as Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), and transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) methods. Results showed that the prepared mesoporous adsorbent has ordered pore structures with surface area of 1106 m<sup>2</sup>/g and mean pore diameter of 3.54 nm. SEM micrographs indicated that prepared mesoporous silica (MCM-41) has spherical morphology with the narrow size distribution in the range of 200-300 nm. Hexagonal structure of pores has also been confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and SAXS pattern. High performance liquid chromatography analysis has also been utilized to study the kinetics of the DBT adsorption from dodecane solution by means of the synthesized silica. Results showed that 0.03 g/mL of mesoporous silica has capability to adsorb more than 42% of DBT (a sulfur containing compound) from dodecane solution. The improvement of mass transfer via adsorption DBT by the prepared nanosorbent is an efficient method for enhancement of biodesulfurization kinetic.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Influence of Induced Magnetic Field and Partial Slip on the Peristaltic Flow of a Couple Stress Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel43521133010.30492/ijcce.2014.11330ENSafia Akram,Department of Basic Sciences, MCS, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PAKISTANS. NadeemDepartment of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, PAKISTANAnwar HussainDepartment of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam University 45320, Islamabad 44000, PAKISTANJournal Article20110505<em>This paper describes the effects of induced magnetic field and partial slip on the peristaltic flow of a couple stress fluids in an asymmetric channel. The two dimensional equation of couple stress fluid are simplified by making the assumptions of long wave length and low Reynolds number. The exact solutions of reduced momentum equation and magnetic force function have been computed in wave frame. The expressions for stream function, magnetic force function and pressure rise per wave length have been also computed. Finally, the pressure rise, pressure gradient, velocity, magnetic force function and stream lines for different physical parameters of interest are plotted.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901A Comparative Study of Omega RSM and RNG k–Epsilon Model for the Numerical Simulation of a Hydrocyclone53611133110.30492/ijcce.2014.11331ENZhuo Lun CenState Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology,
Shanghai, 200237, CHINAJi Gang ZhaoState Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology,
Shanghai, 200237, CHINABen Xian ShenState Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology,
Shanghai, 200237, CHINAJournal Article20130617<em>The </em><em>design and optimization</em><em> of hydrocyclone</em><em>s</em><em> using CFD techniques </em><em>are</em><em> gaining popularity</em><em> and</em><em> the key to a successful </em><em>simulation</em><em> lies with the accurate description of the</em><em> high</em><em> turbulent</em><em> swirling</em><em> behavior of the flow</em><em>. </em><em>This paper presents a detailed comparison between the </em><em>Omega</em><em> RSM and the RNG k–</em><em>e</em><em> turbulence model, which are both derived specially for modeling swirling or rotational flow, in the </em><em>simulation of a hydrocyclone. The predictions of velocity field, volume of vortexes, mass split and turbulent viscosity were obtained and compared. It is showed that in general </em><em>both models </em><em>gave</em><em> similar predictions</em><em> of the flow field</em><em> under </em><em>different inlet velocities</em><em>, while the predictions of turbulent viscosity and</em><em> in</em><em> the core region of hydrocyclone </em><em>were</em><em> found more closely aligned with the reality using </em><em>Omega</em><em> RSM</em><em>.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Improvement of Hydrodynamics Performance of Naphtha Catalytic Reforming Reactors Using CFD63761133210.30492/ijcce.2014.11332ENRasool MohammadikhahProcess Development & Control Group, Process Development & Equipment Technology Division,
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRANSorood Zahedi AbghariProcess Development & Control Group, Process Development & Equipment Technology Division,
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRANHamid GanjiProcess Development & Control Group, Process Development & Equipment Technology Division,
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRANMahdi Ahmadi MarvastProcess Development & Control Group, Process Development & Equipment Technology Division,
Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20120305<em>Due to high applicability of the fixed bed catalytic naphtha reforming reactors, hydrodynamic features of this kind of reactors with radial flow pattern are improved in this work by utilising computational fluid dynamics technique. Effects of catalytic bed porosity, inlet flow rate and flow regime through the bed on the flow distribution within the system are investigated.It is found that the first reactor among three fixed bed reactors in series is working inappropriately. It is due to the effects of recirculating flow on the hydrodynamics. In addition, flow distribution </em><em>at the end of each bed is discovered to be non-uniform. By applying computational fluid dynamics technique to the system and manipulating effective parameters, not only vortices are removed </em><em>at the end of each bed, but also flow distribution through the first reactor is considerably improved. A new internal modification for all reactors is proposed, which allows reactors to become overloaded with the catalyst. Subsequently, inlet flow rate can rise by 10-15 per cent over its current value.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Multicomponent Distillation Modeling of An Essential Oil by the SRK and PSRK State Equations77821133310.30492/ijcce.2014.11333ENSaeid AsadiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Payame Noor University (PNU),
P.O. BOX 19395-3697 Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130427<em><em>The equation of state Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and its modification (predictive SRK or PSRK) are applied to simulate multicomponet distillation, which separate main component of spearmint essential oil. The simulation model is based on bubble point method, and the Wang-Henke algorithm. Spearmint essential oil is considered in the study and the original experimental data were obtained from pilot plant. The models were validated by continuous distillation column with trays of one to five numbers. The work allows concluding on the advantages, disadvantages and expected accuracy of SRK and PSRK equations of state for multicomponent distillation data in the system as those studied.</em>.</em>
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Experimental and Simulation Constructing of Phase Diagram and Quality Lines for a Lean Gas Condensate Reservoir Fluid83881134310.30492/ijcce.2014.11343ENAli Asghar GharesheikhlooResearch Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRANMahmoud MoayyediNational Iranian Oil Company, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130914<em>Constructing phase diagram and its subsequent quality lines for lean gas condensate reservoirs is always crucial and challenging topic in reservoir fluid studies. Due to small amounts of liquid drop-outs in lean gas condensates at reservoir conditions, full experimental tracking of phase diagram and its relevant quality lines is almost impossible for lean gas condensates.On the other hand, </em><em>EOS models of reservoir fluid characterization softwares are always unable to estimate</em><em> condensed liquid drop-outs at different pressures and temperatures precisely. This study aims to present a commingled experimental-simulation method which was designed to pinpoint and keep track full phase diagram with correspondent quality lines for a lean gas condensate fluid.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRIranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering1021-998633320140901Carotenoid Production by Rhodotorula sp. on Fruit Waste Extract As a Sole Carbon Source and Optimization of Key Parameters89991134410.30492/ijcce.2014.11344ENKorumilli TaranginiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela–769 008, Orissa, INDIASusmita MishraDepartment of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela–769 008, Orissa, INDIAJournal Article20131109<em>Fruit waste extract was selected as the sole substrate for carotenoid production and the effect of parameters like pH, temperature and agitation have been studied. A two-step simple sequential strategy was employed for the optimization of carotenoid production by Rhodotorula rubra. In the first step, one factor at a time was employed to evaluate the impact of pH on carotenoid production. The outcome revealed that pH has noteworthy influence on pigment production at ambient conditions with constant temperature and agitation. The produced carotenoid was characterized and confirmed by UV-Visible and FT-IR spectroscopic analyses.A Box–Behnken design was then applied in the second step to optimize the pH, temperature and agitation to obtain high pigment yield. The statistical experimental design predicted the high yield conditions of different responses. The interaction between pH and temperature stood vital for improved carotenoid production (2.98 ± 0.28 mg/L) with biomass yield of 7.83 mg/mL by the optimization of significant parameters. The optimum conditions followed for high yield carotenoids are pH (7.0), temperature (28.2 °C), and agitation (150 rpm). Along with the above, biomass growth conditions were also studied and optimum parameter values were reported. The present work shows the effectiveness of abundantly available cheaper fruit waste extract as a sole substrate in obtaining carotenoids in significant amount by R. rubra.</em>