TY - JOUR ID - 34840 TI - Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Olive Industry Solid Waste into Glucose, the Precursor of Bioethanol JO - Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering JA - IJCCE LA - en SN - 1021-9986 AU - Hamed, Othman AU - Jodeh, Shehdeh AU - Dagher, Israa AU - Salghi, Rachid AU - Azzaoui, Khalil AU - Al-Hajj, Nisreen AU - Jodeh, Wade AU - Warad, Ismail AD - Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, Nablus, PALESTINE AD - Equipe de Génie de l’Environnement et de Biotechnologie, ENSA, Université Ibn Zohr, BP 1136, Agadir, MOROCCO AD - Laboratory of Mineral Solid and Analytical Chemistry LMSAC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed 1st University, P.O. Box 717,Oujda 60000, MOROCCO AD - Department of Human Medicine, Al-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, PALESTINE Y1 - 2018 PY - 2018 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 53 EP - 61 KW - Cellulose KW - Bioethanol KW - Enzyme KW - "jeft" olive KW - Waste KW - Kraft KW - Pulping KW - Bleaching DO - 10.30492/ijcce.2018.34840 N2 - Olive industry solid waste (OISW) is a by-product generated in the process of olive oil extraction. It is a lignocellulosic material consisting of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and other extractives. In this work, a process for hydrolyzing the OISW into its monomers glucose, the precursor of bioethanol was developed.  The hydrolysis process involves two stages: in the first stage, the OISW was activated by treating it with a material that opened the cellulose structure and made it more accessible for chemical reagents.  Several activating materials were evaluated among them are water, NaOH, Ca(OH)₂ and acetic acid.  In the second stage, the OISW was subjected to an enzymatic treatment which hydrolyzed it into sugar. A combination of the two enzymes cellulase (endo-1,4-β-glucanase) and β-glucosidase was used in the hydrolysis. Best hydrolysis results were obtained at enzymes dose of 15.0 mg of cellulase and 20.0 mg/g of β-glucosidase per one gram of OISW at 45 oC and a pH of 4.8. A yield of 85.02% sugar was obtained from the hydrolysis of 10% NaOH pre-treated OISW under a positive pressure of air.  Whereas, hydrolysis of cellulose extracted from OISW by the Kraft pulping process and bleached using DEHP beaching sequence produced about 95.30% sugar. UR - https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_34840.html L1 - https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_34840_556594c7a823f1e89626a52cdc81ccb9.pdf ER -