Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Kinetic Study of Graft Polymerization of Acrylic Acid and Ethyl Methacrylate onto Starch by Ceric Ammonium Nitrate
1
12
EN
Mohammad Taghi
Taghizadeh
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R. IRAN
mttaghizadeh@tabrizu.ac.ir
Abbas
Mehrdad
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R. IRAN
10.30492/ijcce.2006.7792
<em>Graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and ethyl methacrylate (EMA) onto starch (St) were carried out in aqueous solution using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as redox system under N<sub>2</sub> atmosphere. The effect of pH, reaction time, temperature, concentrations of CAN, St, and monomers on the graft yield was investigated. Monomer reactivity was in the following order: AA>EMA.</em><em>The kinetics of the graft polymerization of AA and EMA onto starch in same system with CAN was studied by acid-base and boromometric titration, respectively. The rate expressions for graft polymerization are</em><em> Rg=k[AA]<sup>0.92</sup>[CAN]<sup>0.56</sup>[St]<sup>0.46</sup> and R<sup>/</sup>g=k<sup>/</sup>[EMA]<sup>0.92</sup>[CAN]<sup>0.53</sup>[St]<sup>0.48</sup> and a suitable mechanism is suggested. The graft copolymers were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy. The overall activation energy of graft polymerization of AA onto starch was found to be 36.25 kJ.mol<sup>-1</sup> within the temperature range 20-40°C, and for graft polymerization of EMA onto starch is found to be 11.88 kJmol<sup>-1</sup> within the temperature range 25-45°C.</em>
Kinetics,Starch,Acrylic acid,Ethyl methacrylate,Ceric ammonium nitrate,Graft polymerization
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_7792.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_7792_8fa806ab903e193816c51e40de2b88f3.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
A Study on Retention of a Series of Aromatic Compounds in Mixed Micellar Liquid Chromatography Using Linear Solvation Energy Relationship (LSER)
13
18
EN
Mohammad Reza
Hadjmohammadi
Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandran, P.O.Box 453, Babolsar, I.R. IRAN
Mitra
Rezaie
Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandran, P.O.Box 453, Babolsar, I.R. IRAN
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8093
<em>The effect of SDS (0.03-0.07 M) and Brij-35(0-0.003 M) concentrations and temperature on retention parameters of 30 solutes in micellar reversed- phase liquid chromatography systems were studied using solvation parameter model. The system constants were determined by multiple linear regression analysis from experimental values of the retention factors with known descriptors by computer using the program SPSS/PC. The experimental results showed that the variation in concentration of surfactants (SDS, Brij-35) changes the cavity formation (m) and hydrogen-bond acidity (b). The value of m decreases while the value of b increases as the SDS concentration increases. The value of m and b slightly decrease as the Brij-35 concentration increases. Variation of temperature (25-38</em><em>˚</em><em>C) showed changes in cavity formation (m) and hydrogen-bond acidity (b). A comparison of the predicted and experimental retention factors indicated a satisfactory agreement between the two. Normalized residual plot showed that the contribution of the systematic modeling errors is approximately minor using the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) equation. The value of cross-validated r<sup>2</sup> was 0.973.</em>
Mixed Micellar Liquid Chromatography (MMLC),Linear Solvation Energy Relationship (LSER),LSER equation in MMLC,Solvation parameter model,Aromatic compounds
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8093.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8093_a263830b7df324c22ef67f831c30ed64.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Separation of Biojenic Amines Using Dansyl Cloride Derivatization and Mixed Micellar Liquid Chromatography
19
23
EN
Mohammad Reza
Hadjmohammadi
Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 453, Babolsar, I.R. IRAN
Soghra
Jafari
Department of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 453, Babolsar, I.R. IRAN
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8094
<em>Separation of some biogenic amines via RP-HPLC using mixed micellar mobile phase was investigated. The compounds were derivatized before hand by dansyl chloride as a chromophoric reagent. Appropriate conditions for separation, were determined by studying factors such as temperature, type and percentage of organic modifier, concentration of surfactants (SDS and Brij-35) and the pH of the mobile phase. The number of theoretical plates (N), asymmetry factor (B/A) and selectivity factor (</em><em>α</em><em>) considered as criteria for finding the appropriate conditions for separation. Appropriate condition, were: 40</em><em>˚</em><em>C, 40 mM SDS, 0.5 mM Brij-35 and 10% 1-propanol at pH=5.</em>
Biogenic amines,HPLC,Micellar liquid chromatography,Mixed micelles
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8094.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8094_8db9366f82bdde0254e41dee7e0e373b.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Optimization of the Production of Biosurfactant by Psuedomonas aeruginosa HR Isolated from an Iranian Southern Oil Well
25
30
EN
Hamid
Rashedi
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
rashedi@tco.ac.ir
Mahnaz
Mazaheri Assadi
Biotechnology Center, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
Esmaeil
Jamshidi
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
Babak
Bonakdarpour
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8095
<em><span>In this study 152 bacterial strains were isolated from the contaminated oils in the southwest of Iran. Hemolysis was used as a criterion for the primary isolation of biosurfactant producing-bacteria. Fifty five strains had haemolytic activity , among them tweleve strains were good biosurfactant producers by measuring surface tension and emulsification activity.Two microorganism showed the highest biosurfactant production when grown on paraffin and glycerol as the sole carbon source. Glycolipid production by the isolated bacterium using different carbon (n-hexadecane , paraffin oil, glycerol, molasses ) and nitrogen sources (NaNO<sub>3</sub>, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O) was studied. Biosurfactant production was quantified by surface tension reduction, critical micelle dilution (CMD) , emulsification capacity (EC), and thin layer chromatogeraphy. Best result were obtained when using glycerol at a C/N ratio of 55/1 and sodium nitrate as nitrogen source. Production of the rhamnolipid, expressed by rhamnose was 4.2 g/L and the yield in relation to biomass, was Yp/x = 0.65 g/g. Additionally, physical-chemical characteristics of the spent broth with and without cells showed a low critical micelle concentration of 19 mg/L and a decrease in surface tension to 20 mN/m (%).</span></em>
Biosurfactants,Glycolipids,Rhamnolipids,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Molasses,Nitrogen source,Carbon source,Surface tension,Optimization,Iranian oil
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8095.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8095_6170837c2abc78a4d5a65511b9aea33f.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Chemoenzymatic Enantioselective Formal Synthesis of (-)-Gephyrotoxin-223
31
38
EN
Ghodsi
Mohammadi Ziarani
Department of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
R.
Chenevert
Departement de Chimie, Faculte des sciences et de genie, Universite Laval, Quebec, G1K 7P4, CANADA
Ali Reza
Badiei
Department of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8096
<em>(-)-Gephyrotoxin-223 was formally synthesized from chiral synthon 1 which has been chemoenzymatically synthesized in the presence of Candida Antartica lipase.</em>
<em> </em>
<em><span> </span></em>
<em> </em>
<span> </span>
Gephyrotoxin,Indolizidine,Chemoenzymatic,Candida Antartica Lipse,Alkaloids,Desymmetrization
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8096.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8096_5adbafaa76202883890c7a427835119b.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Optimization of Fermentation Time for Iranian Black Tea Production
39
44
EN
Masoud
Hafezi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology,
P. O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, I. R. IRAN
Bahram
Nasernejad
Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology,
P. O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, I. R. IRAN
Farzaneh
Vahabzadeh
Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology,
P. O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, I. R. IRAN
far@aut.ac.ir
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8097
<em>The optimum fermentation times of black tea manufactured by two systems of Orthodox and CTC (cut, tear & curl) were investigated by measuring the quality parameters of black tea, like: theaflavin, thearubigin, highly polymerized substances and total liquid colour during the fermentation stage. Optimum fermentation times from the beginning of fermentation were determined to be 60 min and 150 min for the fine and coarse tea of orthodox manufacturing, respectively. The optimum fermentation time of CTC tea process was 30 min. Most theaflavin content of Orthodox and CTC processes were 0.63 and 0.82 percent of the total dried solids of infusions, respectively. Total color of CTC manufacturing was 16% higher than Orthodox process.</em> <em> </em>
Iranian black tea,Orthodox,CTC,Theaflavin,Thearubigin,Optimum time,Fermentation
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8097.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8097_eda1a2ff7b938e9234bca0cb28c4e6d9.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Determination of the Binding Constant of Terbium-Transferrin
45
52
EN
Sohrab
Abdollahi
Department of Chemistry, University of Payamnoor, Abadeh, I.R. IRAN
sohrab202020@yahoo.com
Wesley R.
Harris
Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, MO 63121. U.S.A
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8098
<em>Apotransferrin (apo Tf) in 0.1 M N-(2hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N2-ethanesulfanic acid at 25 </em><em>˚</em><em>C and pH 7.4 has been titrated with acidic solution of Tb<sup>3+</sup>. The binding of Tb<sup>3+</sup> at the two specific metal-binding sites of transferrin was followed from the changes in the difference UV spectra at 245 nm. The molar absorptivity per binding site for Tb<sup>3+</sup>-Tf is 22,500 </em><em>±</em><em> 1000 M<sup>-1</sup>cm<sup>-1</sup>. To determine the Tb-Tf binding constants, apo Tf was titrated with Tb<sup>3+</sup> solutions which also contained nitrilotriacetic acid as a competitive chelating agent. The sequential macroscopic equilibrium constants for the binding of two metal ions are log K<sub>1</sub> = 9.96 </em><em>±</em><em> 0.38 and log K<sub>2</sub> = 6.37</em><em>±</em><em> 0.38. Titrations of both C-terminal and N-terminal monoferric transferrin with Tb<sup>3+</sup> indicate that terbium binding is stronger at the C-terminal binding site. The value of K<sub>1</sub> for Tb<sup>3+</sup> is substantially higher than the teransferrin binding constants reported for larger lanthanides. It is possible that there are steric interferences to the binding of larger lanthanides. However, an analysis of the transferrin binding constants using linear free energy relationships for metal complexation suggests that the metal ionic radius alone is not the major determining factor. A change in the number of coordinated water molecules in the aqueous ions for Tb<sup>3+</sup> compared to the larger lanthanides may be a more important factor.</em>
Transferrin,Binding constant,Terbium,Nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA)s,UV-Difference
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8098.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8098_8f088081b55c45832ea029cc7ebf80c0.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Volumetric and Viscometric Studies of Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Furanose Sugar in Aqueous Medium from 288.15 to 298.15K
53
66
EN
Man
Singh
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110019, INDIA
Yogesh Kumar
Sharma
Chemistry Research Laboratory, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110019, INDIA
yk_sharma2004@yahoo.com
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8099
<em>Density (</em><em>r</em><em>/g cm<sup>-3</sup>) and viscosity (</em><em>h</em><em>/10<sup>-2</sup>gcm<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>=1centipoise,CP) of guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) referred to as nucleotide, and 2-deoxy adenosine (DOA) and thymidine (TMD) as nucleoside along with their integral furanose sugar, 2-deoxy ribose (DOR) from 0.0004 to 0.0014mol kg<sup>-1 </sup>solution have been measured at 288.15, 293.15 and 298.15K at atmospheric pressure. The </em><em>r</em><em> was fitted into the Masson and </em><em>h</em><em> in Jones-Dole equations</em><em>for apparent</em><em>molal volume </em><em> </em><em>(V</em><em><sub>f</sub></em><em>/cm<sup>3</sup>mol</em><em><sup>-1</sup></em><em>) </em><em> </em><em>and viscosity</em><em>coefficient</em><em>((</em><em>h</em><em>r-1)/m=B/kg mol</em><em><sup>-1</sup></em><em>=10</em><em><sup>3</sup></em><em>gmol</em><em><sup>-1</sup></em><em>) data. The V</em><em><sub>f</sub></em><em>and </em><em>h</em><em> were</em><em>also regressed for</em><em>V</em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em><sub>f</sub></em><em> and </em><em>h</em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em> values known as the limiting </em><em>constants </em><em>and </em><em>illustrate </em><em>solute-solvent </em><em>and </em><em>solute-solute</em><em>in teractions of systems. The apparent molal volume of their various integral units like adenine, guanine and thymine of nucleotides and nucleosides</em><em>are</em><em>estimated</em><em>by</em><em>V</em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em><sub>f</sub></em><em>The</em><em>V</em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em><sub>f</sub></em><em>h</em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em>and</em><em>B values have been used to elucidate the hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. The V</em><em><sup>0</sup></em><em><sub>f</sub></em><em> values are negative over the whole range of the compositions which infer greater intermolecular forces and the biomolecules as water structure breakers.</em>
Viscosity,Apparent molal volume,Nucleos(t)ides,Hydrophilic and hydrophobic,Water structure
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8099.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8099_65101dcad5a55c10bf3ae2f92eb6d509.pdf
Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR
Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1021-9986
25
1
2006
03
01
Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion of Activated Sludge; Reduction of Solids and Pathogenic Microorganisms
67
71
EN
Mohsen
Nosrati
Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University,
P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
Sayed Abbas
Shojaosadati
Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University,
P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
shoja_sa@modares.ac.ir
T.R.
Sreekrishnan
Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology,Indian Institute of Technology (I.I.T.), Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
10.30492/ijcce.2006.8100
<em>In the temperature range of 10 to 80 ºC and in a batch digester, a typical activated sludge was digested aerobically. Reaction rate constants were determined by measuring the amounts of volatiles removed from the suspended solids at different time intervals during the process. The maximum value of the reaction rate constant (0.45 d</em><em><sup>-1</sup></em><em>) occurred in the temperature range of 55-60˚C. Removal of indicator organisms (pathogens) in the sludge, during the batch digestion, was also studied. Sludge digestion at 60 ºC provided a noticeable difference in reduction of the indicator organisms as compared to digestion carried out at 55 ºC. Optimum thermophilic aerobic digestion for high rate removal of volatile suspended solids and effective inactivation of pathogens happened in temperature range of 60-65 ºC.</em>
Activated sludge,Thermophilic aerobic digestion,Volatile suspended solids,Pathogen inactivation
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8100.html
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_8100_43bc11743a971d062cc2a78545b763c5.pdf