ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Simultaneous Determination of Sulfamethoxazole and Phthalazine by HPLC and Multivariate Calibration Methods
Two multivariate calibration methods are compared for the simultaneous chromatographic determination and separation of Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Phthalazine (PHZ) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Multivariate calibration techniques such as Classical Least Squares (CLS) and Inverse Least Squares (ILS) were introduced into HPLC to determine the quantification by using UV detector at 235, 250, 260 and 270 nm. Sixteen binary mixtures of SMX and PHZ as calibration set and eight binary mixtures as prediction set were used. Results show that, Relative Errors of Prediction (REP) of CLS and ILS for SMX and PHZ were 0.17%, 0.63% and o.15%, 0.56%, respectively.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5847_5b031730131a58542d47ce80302aaa92.pdf
2013-06-01
1
8
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5847
Overlapped peaks
Multivariate calibration method
Classical least squares
Inverse least squares
Sulfamethoxazole
Phthalazine
Sorayya
Asadi
s-asadi@iau-ahar.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch , Islamic Azad University, Ahar, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Parvin
Gharbani
2
Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch , Islamic Azad University, Ahar, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
[1] Dinc E., Ustundag O., Application of Multivariate Calibration Techniques to HPLC Data for Quantitative Analysis of a Binary Mixture of Hydrochlorathiazide and Losartan in Tablets, Chromatographia., 61, p. 237( 2005).
1
[2] Dinc E., Ozdemir A., Aksoy H., Ustundag O., Baleanu D., Chemometric Determination of Naproxens and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride in Tablets by HPLC, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 54, p.415 (2006).
2
[3] Ma M., Cheng Y., Xu Z., Xu P., Qu H., Fang Y., Xu T., Wen L., Evaluation of Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimers as Drug Carriers of Anti-Bacterial Drugs Using Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) as a Model Drug, Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol., 24, p. 5 (1986).
3
[4] Mistri N., Jangid G., Pudage A., Shah A., Shrivastav S., Simultaneous Determination of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim in Microgram Quantities from Low Plasma Volume by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Microchemical Journal., 94, p.130 (2010).
4
[5] Salem A.A., Mossa H.A., Barsoum B.N., Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of Miconazole, Metronidazole and Sulfamethoxazole in Pharmaceutical and Urine Samples, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis., 41, p. 654 (2006).
5
[6] Givianrad M.H., Saber-Tehrani M., Aberoomand-Azar P., Mohagheghian M., H-point Standard Additions Method for Simultaneous Determination of Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids with Simultaneous Addition of Two Analytes, Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy., 78, p.1196(2011).
6
[7] Facchini V., Timbrell A., Determination of Hydralazine Metabolites: 4-Hydrazinophthalazin-1-One and n-Acetylhydrazinophthalazin-1-One by Gas Chromatography and s-Triazolo[3,4-a]Phthalazine and Phthalazinone by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications., 183, p. 167 (1980).
7
[8] Lacagnin B., Colby D., Odonnell P., Separation and Quantitation of Hydralazine Metabolites by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications., 377, p. 319 (1986).
8
[9] Raavi S.H., Blanchard F., Marc I., UV - HPLC / APCI - MS Method for Separation and Identification of the Carotenoids Produced by Sporobolomyces Ruberrimus H110, Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering(IJCCE)., 25(2), p. 1 (2006).
9
[10] Kramer R., “Chemometric Tchniques for Quantitative Analysis”, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, (1998).
10
[11] Otto M., “Chemometrics Statistics and Computer Application in Analytical Chemistry”, Wiley- VCH, New York , (1999).
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[12] Thomas E.V., Haaland D.M., Comparison of Multivariate Calibration Methods for Quantitative Spectral Analysis, Anal. Chem., 62, p.1091 (1990).
12
[13] Adams M.J., “Chemometrics in Analytical Spectroscopy”, Royal Society of Chemistry, London, United Kingdom, (2004).
13
[14] Dinc E., Ozdemir A., Aksoy H., Baleanu D., Chemometric Approach to Simultaneous Chromatographic Determination of Paracetamol and Chlorzoxazone in Tablets and Spiked Human Plasma, Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies., 29, p. 1803 (2006).
14
[15] Rouhollahi A., Nayebi Sh., Noroozi M., Hashemi M., Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Heavy Metal Ions Using Several Chemometrics Methods: Effect of Different Parameters of Savitzky-Golay and Direct Orthogonal Signal Correction Filters, Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering(IJCCE)., 26(2), p.41 (2007).
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[16] Shahhosseini Sh., Sadeghi M., Khosravi-Darani K., Simulation and Model Validation of Batch PHB Production Process Using Ralstonia Eutropha, Iranian Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering(IJCCE)., 22(2), p.35 (2003).
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[17] Johnson A. R., Vitha M. F., Chromatographic Selectivity Triangles, Journal of Chromatography A., 1218, p. 556 (2011).
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[18] Snyder L.R., Carr P.W., Rutan S.C., Solvatochromically Based Solvent-Selectivity Triangle, Journal of Chromatography A., 656, p. 537 (1993).
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[19] Brereton R.G., “ Data Analysis for the Laboratory and Chemical Plant”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, (2003).
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Correlation of Viscosity of Aqueous Solutions of Alkanolamine Mixtures Based on the Eyring's Theory and Wong-Sandler Mixing Rule
A viscosity model, based on Eyring’s absolute rate theory combined with a cubic PR equation of state and Wong-Sandler mixing rule, has been proposed in order to correlate viscosities of aqueous solutions of alkanolamine mixtures at atmospheric pressure and different temperatures. In the proposed method, the energy and size parameters in studied Equation of State (EoS) have been obtained using the Wong – Sandler (WS) mixing rule combined with the NRTL and Wilson Gibbs equations. The NRTL and Wilson parameters for aqueous solutions of alkanolamine mixtures have been correlated using measured viscosity data at atmospheric pressure and different temperatures. The overall average deviation between the experimental and calculated viscosities of studied aqueous solutions of alkanolamine mixtures using Wilson model is 0.92%.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5863_d4cf70090b6f82b504893d1e66d9f13a.pdf
2013-06-01
9
17
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5863
WS mixing rule
Viscosity models
Equation of state
NRTL
Wilson
Sara
Ahmad Kelayeh
1
Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Cyrus
Ghotbi
ghotbi@sharif.edu
2
Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Vahid
Taghikhani
taghikhani@sharif.edu
3
Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Amir
Jalili
jaliliah@ripi.ir
4
Gas Science Department, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
[1] Macıas-Salinas R., Macıas-Salinas F., Eliosa-Jiménez G., An Equation-of-State-Based Viscosity Model for Non-Ideal Liquid Mixtures, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 210, p. 319 (2003).
1
[2] Reid R.C, Prausnitz J.M., Poling B.E., “The Properties of Gases and Liquids”, Fourth ed. McGraw-Hill, New York (1987).
2
[3] Mehrotra A.K, A Generalized Viscosity Equation for Pure Heavy Hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 30, p. 420 (1991).
3
Mehrotra A.K, Generalized One-Parameter Viscosity Equation for Light and Medium Liquid Hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 30, p. 1367 (1991).
4
[4] Monnery W.D., Svrcek W.Y., Mehrotra A.K., Viscosity: A Critical Review of Practical Predictive and Correlative Methods, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 73, p. 3 (1995).
5
[5] Poling B.E., Prausnitz J.M., O’Connell J.P., “The Properties of Gases and Liquids”, Fifth ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (2001).
6
[6] Irving J.B., “Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures: The Effectiveness of Mixture Equations”, Natl. Eng. Lab., Rept. 63, East Kilbride, Glasgow, Scotland (1977).
7
[7] Teja A.S., Rice P., Generalized Corresponding States Method for the Viscosities of Liquid Mixtures, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 20, p. 77 (1981).
8
[8] Liu H., Wang W., Chang C.H., Model with Temperature-Independent Parameters for the Viscosities of Liquid Mixtures, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 30, p.1617 (1991).
9
[9] Papaloannou D., Evangelou T., Panayiotou C., Dynamic Viscosity of Multicomponent Liquid Mixtures, J. Chem. Eng. Data., 36, p. 43 (1991).
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[10] Lee M.-J., Wei M.-C., Corresponding-States Model for Viscosity of Liquids and Liquid Mixtures, J. Chem. Eng. Japn., 26, p.159 (1993).
11
[11] Chevalier J.L., Petrino P., Gaston-Bonhomme Y., Estimation Method for the Kinematic Viscosity of a Liquid-Phase Mixture, Chem. Eng. Sci., 43, p.1303 (1988).
12
[12] Gaston-Bonhomme Y., Petrino P., Chevalier J.L., UNIFAC-VISCO Group Contribution Method for Predicting Kinematic Viscosity: Extension and Temperature Dependence, Chem. Eng. Sci., 49, p.1799 (1994).
13
[13] Cao W., Knudsen K., Fredenslund A., Rasmussen P., Group-Contribution Viscosity Predictions of Liquid Mixtures Using UNIFAC-VLE Parameters, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 32, p. 2088 (1993).
14
[14] McAllister R.A., The Viscosity of Liquid Mixtures, AIChE J., 6, p. 427 (1960).
15
[15] Lee M.J., Chiu J.Y., Hwang S.M., Lin H.M., Viscosity Calculations with the Eyring-Patel-Teja Model for Liquid Mixtures, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 38, p. 2867 (1999).
16
[16] Adachi Y., Sugie H., A New Mixing Rule-Modified Conventional Mixing Rule, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 28, p. 103 (1986).
17
[17] Michelsen M.L., Kistenmacher H., On Composition-Dependent Interaction Coefficeints, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 58, p. 229 (1990).
18
[18] Rebolledo-Libreros M.E., Trejo A., Density and Viscosity of Aqueous Blends of Three Alkanolamines: N-Methyldiethanolamine, Diethanolamine, and 2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol in the Range of (303 to 343) K, J.Chem. Eng. Data., 51, p.702 (2006).
19
[19] Miyake Y., Baylaucq A., Plantier F., Bessieres D., Ushiki H., Boned C., High-Pressure (up to 140 MPa) Ddensity and Derivative Properties of Some (Pentyl-, Hexyl-, and Heptyl-) Amines Between (293.15 and 353.15) K, J. Chem. Thermodynamics, 40, p. 836 (2008).
20
[20] Weirong JI, Lempeb D.A., Calculation of Viscosities of Liquid Mixtures Using Eyring's Theory in Combination with Cubic Equations of State, Chinese J. Chem. Eng., 14, p. 770 (2006).
21
[21] Wei I.C., Rowley R.L., A Local Composition Model for Multicomponent Liquid Mixture Shear Viscosity, Chem.Eng. Sci., 40, p. 401 (1985).
22
[22] Danesh, A., "PVT and Phase Behaviour of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids", Elsevier, Amsterdam (1998).
23
[23] Wong D.S.H., Sandler S.I., A Theoretically Correct Mixing Rule for Cubic Equations of State, AIChE J., 38, p. 671 (1992).
24
[24] Sandler S.I., "Chemical and Engineering Thermodynamics", 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York (1999).
25
[25] Yaws C. L., " Chemical Properties Handbook.", McGraw-Hill, New York (1999).
26
[26] Ahmad Kelayeh S., Jalili A.H., Ghotbi C., Hosseini-Jenab M., Taghikhani V., Densities, Viscosities and Surface Tensions of Aqueous Mixtures of Sulfolane+Triethanolamine and Sulfolane + Diisopropanolamine, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 56, p. 4317 (2011).
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Quantitative Structure - Activity Relationships Study of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Using Logistic Regression Model
Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) has been developed as non-linear models to establish quantitative structure- activity relationships (QSAR) between structural descriptors and biochemical activity of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Using a training set consisted of 21 compounds with known ki values, the model was trained and tested to solve two-class problems as active or inactive on the basis of the predicted value for IC50. Many quantitative descriptors were generated to express the physicochemical properties of 21 compounds with optimized structures. After filtration of these descriptors, 39 of descriptors for carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozyme IX (CAIX) and 45 for isozymeXII (CAXII) remained and were selected for QSAR study. Logistic regression was then used to non-linearly select the most important descriptors and to develop a model for prediction of IC50. To evaluate the performance of the established models, Jjackknife and self consistency tests were performed during implementation of the two model-building methods. The applied indices including accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 85%, 82% and 100% for CAIX and also 71%, 68% and 80% for CAXII respectively.The primary advantage of such an approach is the reduction of redundant variables and the consequent improvement in the efficiency of modeling.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5864_435196c58da6216947cb33e2c3a95785.pdf
2013-06-01
19
29
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5864
Quantitative structure-activity relationship
Binary logistic regression
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Hassan
Sahebjamee
sahebjamei.hassan386@gmail.com
1
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Parichehre
Yaghmaei
2
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Parviz
Abdolmaleki
3
Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115/175 Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Foroumadi
4
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
1] Fiore A.D., Simone G.D., Menchise V., Pedone C., Supuran C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: X-ray Crystal Structure of a Benzenesulfonamide Strong CA II and CA IX Inhibitor Bearing a Pentafluorophenylaminothioureido Tail in Complex with Isozyme II, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 15, p.1937 (2005).
1
[2] Guzel O., Salman A., Supuran C.T., Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trimethylpyridinium Derivatives of 2- Hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-Aryl-1H-Indole-5-Sulfonamides Acting as Potent Inhibitors of the Tumor-Associated Isoform IX and XII, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 19, p.2931 (2009).
2
[3] Hemmateenejad B., Miri R., Jafarpour M., Tabarzad M., Exploring QSAR for the Inhibitory Activity of a Large Set of Aromatic /Heterocyclic Sulfonamides toward Four Different Isoenzymes of Carbonic Anhydrase, QSAR Comb. Sci., 10, p. 1065 (2007).
3
[4] Turkmen H., Durgun M., Yilmaztekin S., Emul M., Innocenti A., Vullo D., Scozzafava A. Supuran, C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Novel Sulfanilamide/Acetazolamide Derivatives Obtained by the Tail Approach and Their Interaction with the Cytosolic Isozymes I and II, and the Tumor-Associated Isozyme IX, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 15, P. 367 (2005).
4
[5] Carta F., Maresca A., Scozzafava A., Vullo D., Supuran C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Diazenylbenzenesulfonamides are Potent and Selective Inhibitors of the Tumor-Associated Isozymes IX and XII over the Cytosolic Isoforms I and II, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 17, p. 7093 (2009).
5
[6] Fukumura D., Chen Y., Gohongi T., Seed B., Jain R.K., Hypoxia and Acidosis Independently Up-Regulate Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Transcription in Brain Tumors in Vivo, Cancer Res., 61, p. 6020 (2001).
6
[7] Giatromanolaki A., Koukourakis M.I., Sivridis E., Pastorek J., Wykoff C.C., Gatter K. C., Harris A.L., Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Carbonic Anhydrase-9 Relates to Angiogenic Pathways and Independently to Poor Outcome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Cancer Res., 61, p. 7992 (2001).
7
[8] Chia S.K., Wykoff C.C., Watson P. H., Han C., Leek R.D., Pastorek J., Gatter K.C., Ratcliffe P., Harris A.L., Prognostic Significance of a Novel Hypoxia-Regulated Marker, Carbonic Anhydrase ix, in Invasive Breast Carcinoma, J. Clin. Oncol., 19, p. 3660 (2001).
8
[9] Vullo D., Franchi M., Gallori E. Supurana, C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Inhibition of the Tumor-Associated Isozyme IX with Aromatic and Heterocyclic Sulfonamides, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 13, p. 1005 (2003).
9
[10] Winum J., Cecchi A., Montero J., Inoccenti A., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Synthesis and Inhibition of Cytosolic/Tumor-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes I, II, and IX with Boron-Containing Sulfonamides, Sulfamides, and Sulfamates: Toward Agents for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy of Hypoxic Tumors, Bioorg. Med. Chem, 15, p. 3302 (2005).
10
[11] Mincione F., Starnotti M., Masini E., Bacciottini L., Scrivanti C., Casini A., Vullo D., Scozzafava A., Supuran C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Design of Thioureido Sulfonamides with Potent Isozyme II and XII Inhibitory Properties and Intraocular Pressure Lowering Activity in a Rabbit Model of Glaucoma, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, p. 3821 (2005).
11
[12]Garaj V., Puccetti L., Fasolis G., Winum J.Y., Montero J.L., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors:
12
Novel Sulfonamides Incorporating 1,3,5-Triazine Moieties as Inhibitors of the Cytosolic and
13
Tumour-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes I, II and IX, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, p. 3102 (2005).
14
[13] Thakur A., Thakur M., Khadikar P.V., Supuran C.T., Sudele P., QSAR Study on Benzenesulphonamide Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Topological Approach Using Balaban Index, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, p. 789 (2004).
15
[14] Rusconi S., Innocenti A., Vullo D., Mastrolorenzo A., Scozzafava A., Supuran C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Interaction of Isozymes I, II, IV, V, and IX with Phosphates, Carbamoyl Phosphate, and the Phosphonate Antiviral Drug Foscarnet, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 14, p. 5763 (2004).
16
[15] Scozzafava A., Menabuoni L., Mincione F., Supuran C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Activators: High Affinity Isozymes I, II, and IV Activators, Incorporating a β-Alanyl-histidine Scaffold, J. Med. Chem., 45, p. 1466 (2002).
17
[16] Abdel-Hamid M.K., Abdel- Hafez A.A., El-Koussi N.A., Mahfouz N.M., Innocenti A., Supuran C.T., Design, Synthesis, and Docking Studies of New 1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole-2- Thione Derivatives with Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Activity, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 15, p. 6975 (2007).
18
[17] Czewski S., Innocenti A., Ski J.S., Kornick A., Brzozowski Z., Supuran C.T., Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Inhibition of Human Cytosolic Isozymes I and II and Tumor-Associated Isozymes IX and XII with S-Substituted 4-Chloro-2-Mercapto- 5-Methyl-Benzenesulfona- Mides, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 16, p. 3933 (2008).
19
[18] Bruno-Blanch L., Galvez J., Garcia-Domenech R., Topological Virtual Screening: A Way to Find New Anticonvulsant Drugs from Chemical Diversity, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13, p. 2749 (2003).
20
[19] Jaiswal M., Khadikar P.V., Supuran C.T., Topological Modeling of Lipophilicity, Diuretic Activity, and Carbonic Inhibition Activity of Benzene Sulfonamides: a Molecular Connectivity Approach, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters., 14, p. 5661 (2004).
21
[20] Debnath A.K., Ghose A.K, Viswanadhan V.N., Eds., In "Combinatorial Library Design and Evaluation: Principles Software Tools and Applications in Drug Discovery", Marcel Dekker: New York, p. 73 (2001).
22
[21] Mohebi A., Sobbif A., Autamated Analysis of Pressure Build up Tests by Phase Redistribution, Iraninan Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (IJCCE), 15(1), p. 38 (1996).
23
[22] Kumar S., Singh V., Tiwari M., Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Studies of Sulfamide Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor: As Antiglaucoma Agents, Medicinal Chemistry, 3, p. 379 ( 2007).
24
[23] Hosmer D.W., Lemeshow S., “Applied Logistic Regression”, Wiley, New York (1989).
25
[24] Abdolmaleki P., Mokhtari Dizagi M., Vahead M.R., Gity M., Logistic Discriminant Anlysis of Breast Cancer Using Ultrasound Measurements, Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 2, p. 1 (2004).
26
[25] Caballero J., Garriga M., Fernandez M., 2D Autocorrelation Modeling of the Negative Inotropic Activity of Calcium Entry Blockers Using Bayesian- Regularized Genetic Neural Networks, Bioorgan. Med. Chem., 14, p. 3330 (2006).
27
[26] Todeschini R., Consonni V. “Handbook of Molecular Descriptors”, Wiley-VCH (2000).
28
[27] Hemmer M.C., Steinhauer V., Gasteiger J., Deriving the 3D Structure of Organic Molecules from Their Infrared Spectra, Vib. Spectrosc., 19, p. 151 (1999).
29
[28] Todeschini R., Consonni V., “Molecular Descriptors for Chemoinformatics”, WILEY-VCH; John wiley (2009).
30
[29] Puta R., Xua Q.S., Massarta D.L., Vander Heydena Y., Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) in Chromatographic Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies, Journal of Chromatography A., 1055, p. 11 (2004).
31
[30] Melagraki G., Afantitis A., Sarimveis H., Igglessi-Markopouloua O. Supuran C.T., QSAR Study on Para-Substituted Aromatic Sulfonamides as Carbonic Anhydrase II Inhibitors Using Topological Information Indices, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 14, p. 1108 (2006).
32
[31] Rohan G., Jyoti P., Neetu S., Yogesh P. A., Arun K.G.,Insights Through Molecular Modeling Into the Structural Requirement of Phenyl(6-Phenylpyrazin-2-yl)Methanone Derivatives as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors, International Journal of Drug Design and Discovery., 2, p. 575 (2011).
33
[32] Liane S., Maykel P., Marta T., 2D-Autocorrelation Descriptors for Predicting Cytotoxicity of Naphthoquinone Ester Derivatives Against Oral Human Epidermoid Carcinoma, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 15, p. 3565 (2007).
34
[33] Deeb O., Goodarzi M., Quantum Chemical QSAR Models to Distinguish Between Inhibitory Activities of Sulfonamides Against Human Carbonic Anhydrases I and II and Bovine IV Isozymes, Chem Biol Drug Des., 79, p. 514 (2011).
35
[34] Jantschi L., Daniela Bolboaca S., Modelling the Inhibitory Activity on Carbonic Anhydrase IV of Substituted Thiadiazole- and Thiadiazoline-Disulfonamides: Integration of Structure Information, Rev Electron Biomed / Electron J Biomed, 2, p. 22 (2006).
36
[35] Clare B.W., Supuran C.T., A Perspective on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol.,2, p. 113 (2006).
37
[36] Mattioni B.E., Jurs P.C., Development of Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship and Classification Models for a Set of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci., 42, P. 94 (2002).
38
[37] Bakken G.A., Jurs P.C., QSARs for 6-Azasteroids as Inhibitors of Human Type 1 5r-Reductase: Prediction of Binding Affinity and Selectivity Relative to 3-BHSD, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci., 41, p. 255 (2001).
39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Measurement and Modeling of Mean Ionic Activity Coefficient in Aqueous Solution Containing NaNO3 and Poly Ethylene Glycol
Potentiometric investigation on {H2O+NaNO3+PEG1500} mixtures were made at T=308.15K, using electrochemical cells with two ion-selective electrodes, (Na+ glass) as the cation ion-selective electrode against (NO3- solvent-polymer PVC) as the anion ion-selective electrode. The mean ionic activity coefficients of NaNO3 were measured at different concentrations of NaNO3 and PEG. Maximum concentration of electrolyte and PEG were 1 mol/kg and 0.12 mol/kg, respectively. The experimental data was modeled by utilizing the modified Pitzer equation and the activity coefficient ratio of PEG was evaluated by using Maxwell’s cross differential relation.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5865_e2fbb73d0a550f376e0950dabf913a1f.pdf
2013-06-01
31
39
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5865
Activity Coefficient
Polymer
Electrolyte Solution
Ion-selective electrode
Siamak
Modarresi
1
Chemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Dehghani
m_dehghani@iust.ac.ir
2
Chemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Parinaz
Alimardani
3
Chemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Sara
Kazemi Sabzvar
4
Chemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Farzaneh
Feyzi
5
Chemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
[1] Salabat A., Nasirzade K., Measurement and Prediction of Water Activity in PEG+(NH4)2SO4+H2O Systems Using Polymer Scaling Laws, J. Mol. Liq., 103, p. 349 (2003).
1
[2] Davidson R.L., “Handbook of Water-Soluble Gums and Resins” McGraw- Hill, New York. (1980).
2
[3] Silva L.H.M., Coimbra J.S.R., Meirelles A.J.A., Equilibrium Phase Behavior of Poly (Ethylene Glycol) + Potassium Phosphate + Water Two-Phase Systems at Various pH and Temperatures, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 42, p. 398 (1997).
3
[4] Albertsson P.A., Chromatography and Partition of Cells and Cell Fragments, Nature, 177, p. 771 (1956).
4
[5] Albertsson P.A., "Partition of Cell Particles and Macromolecules", John Wiley, Inc. New York (1986).
5
[6] Perumalsamy M., Murugesan T., Prediction of Liquid-Liquid Equilibria for PEG2000-Sodium Citrate Based Aqueous Two-Phase Systems, Fluid Phase Equilib., 244, p. 52 (2006).
6
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[8] Se´ R., Aznar M., Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium of the Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Water + PEG 4000 + Potassium Phosphate at Four Temperatures: Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Modeling, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 47, p. 1401 (2002).
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p. 663 (1998).
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[12] Dehghani M.R., Modarress H., Bakhshi A., Modeling and Prediction of Activity Coefficient Ratio of Electrolytes in Aqueous Electrolyte Solution Containing Amino Acids Using Artificial Neural Network, Fluid Phase Equilib., 244, p. 153 (2006).
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[17] Dehghani M.R., Modarress H., Monirifar M., Measurement and Modeling of Mean Activity Coefficients of NaBr and Amino Acid in (Sodium Bromide + Potassium Phosphate + Glycine + Water) System at T (298.15 and 308.15) K, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 37, p. 1305 (2005).
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[22] Hernández-Luis F., Rodríguez-Raposo R,. Galleguillos H.R., Morales JW., Activity Coefficients of KCl in PEG 4000+Water Mixtures at 288.15, 298.15 and 308.15K, Fluid Phase Equilib., 295, p. 163 (2010).
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[23] Morales J.W., Galleguillos H.R., Graber T.A., Hernández-Luis F., Activity Coefficients of LiCl in (PEG 4000 + Water) at T = (288.15, 298.15, and 308.15) K., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 42, p. 1255 (2010).
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[24] Khavaninzadeh A., Modarress H., Taghikhani V., Khoshkbarchi M.K., Measurement of Activity Coefficients of Amino Acids in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions: Experimental Data for the Systems (H2O+NaBr+Glycine) and (H2O+NaBr+l-Valine) at T=298.15 K., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 35, p. 1553 (2003).
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studies on the Binding of DNA with the Inclusion of Brilliant Green inside the Cavity of γ-Cyclodextrin
The interaction of brilliant green with herring sperm DNA was investigated in detail by spectrometric methods in γ-cyclodextrin systems. On the condition of physiological pH, brilliant green prefers to form the 1:1 inclusion complex with γ-cyclodextrin.All the evidences indicated that the binding modes between γ-cyclodextrin-brilliant green and DNA were grooving binding and partial non-classical intercalative binding. The binding ratio of the inclusion complex with DNA is 6:1. The calculated thermodynamic parameters suggested that the binding of the inclusion complex to DNA was driven mainly by entropy.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5866_0e9f11f5fde7edc2425609d0df36a999.pdf
2013-06-01
41
47
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5866
Brilliant green
γ-cyclodextrin
Spectrometric
Interaction
Wang
Xinming
xmwang_xd@yahoo.cn
1
Department of Chemistry, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, CHINA
LEAD_AUTHOR
Xu
Dongling
2
Department of Chemistry, College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, CHINA
AUTHOR
[1] Wang Y., Zhou A.H., Spectroscopic Studies on the Binding of Methylene Blue with DNA by Means of Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Systems, J. Photochem. Photobiol., A. 190, p. 121 (2007).
1
[2] Banville D.L., Marzilli L.G., Strickland J.A., Wilson W.D., Comparison of the Effects of Cationic Porphyrins on DNA Properties: Influence of GC Content of Native and Synthetic Polymers. Biopolymers, 25, p. 1837 (1986).
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[3] Strickland J.A., Banville D.L., Wilson W.D., Marzilli L.G., Metalloporphyrin Effects on Properties of DNA, Polymers Inorg. Chem., 26: p. 3398 (1978).
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[4] Mukundan N.E., Petho G., Dixon D.W., Kim M.S., Marzilli L.G., Interactions of an Electron-Rich Tetracationic Tentacle Porphyrin with Calf Thymus DNA, Inorg. Chem., 33: p. 4676 (1994).
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[5] Pasternack R.F., Gibbs E.J., Villafranca J.J., Interactions of Porphyrins with Nucleic Acids, Biochemistry, 22, p. 2406 (1983).
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[6] Carvlin M.J., Datta-Gupta N., Fiel R.J., Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of a Cationic Porphyrin Bound to DNA, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 108, p. 66 (1982).
6
[7] Nandi B.K., Goswami A., Purkait M.K., Adsorption Characteristics of Brilliant Green Dye on Kaolin, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, p. 387 (2009).
7
[8] Zhao G.C., Zhu J.J., Chen H.Y., Wang X.M., Lu Z.H., Spectroscopic and Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Interaction of Nile Blue with DNA, Chin. J. Chem., 20, p. 57 (2002).
8
[9] An W.T., Guo X.L., Shuang S.M., Dong C., Effect of Microscopic Environment on the Self-Stacking Binding of Porphyrin to DNA, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A., 173, p. 36 (2005).
9
[10] Zhao G.C., Zhu J.J., Zhang J.J., Chen H.Y., Voltammetric Studies of the Interaction of Methylene Blue with DNA by Means of β-Cyclodextrin, Anal. Chim. Acta., 394, p. 337 (1999).
10
[11] Su J.S., Long Y.F., Zhou M.F., Li R.T., UV-Visible Spectrophotometry Study on the Interaction of Brilliant Green with Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Application to DNA Assay, Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory, 21, p. 160 (2004).
11
[12] Hamai S., Ohshida T., Inclusion Complexes of Cyclodextrins with Tetrakis(4-Carboxyphenyl) Porphyrin and Tetrakis(4-Sulfonatophenyl) Porphyrin in Aqueous Solutions, J. Inclusion Phenom. Macrocyclic Chem., 50, p. 209 (2004).
12
[13] Xi P.X., Xu Z.H., Liu X.H., Chen F.J., Zeng Z.Z., Zhang X.W. et al., Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant Activity and DNA-Binding Studies of Three Rare Earth (III) Complexes with 1-(4-Aminoantipyrine)-3-Tosylurea Ligand, J.Fluoresc, 19, p. 63 (2009).
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[14] Ouameur A.A., Marty R., Tajmir-Riahi H.A., Human Serum Albumin Complexes with Chlorophyll and Chlorophyllin, Biopolymers, 77, p. 129 (2005).
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[15] Priyadarsini K.I., Mohan H., Tyagi A.K., Mittal J.P., Inclusion Complex of g-Cyclodextrin-C60: Formation, Characterization, and Photophysical Properties in Aqueous Solutions, J. Phys. Chem., 98, p. 4756 (1994).
15
[16] Wang H.Y., Han J., Feng X.G., Pang Y.L., Study of Inclusion Complex Formation Between Tropaeolin OO and g-cyclodextrin by Spectrophotometry and Infrared Spectroscopy, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A., 65, p. 100 (20060.
16
[17] Xu D.L., Wang X.M., Fei D., Ding L.S., Study on the Interaction Between the Inclusion Complex of Hematoxylin with β-Cyclodextrin and DNA. Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids., 29 , p. 854 (2010).
17
[18] Li H.B., Tuo H.G., Wang X.M., Wang S.Q., Ding L.S., Study on Interaction Between Hematoporphyrin Dihydrochloride and Herring Sperm DNA by Spectroscopy, Acta. Opt. Sin., 10, p. 2015 (2008).
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[19] Ross P.D., Subramanian S., Thermodynamics of Protein Association Reactions: Forces Contributing to Stability, Biochemistry, 20, p. 3096 (1981).
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[20] Mansuri-Torshizi H., Mital R., Srivastava1 T.S., Parekh H., Chitnis M.P., Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Studies of α-Diimine/1,2-Diamine Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes of Selenite and Tellurite and Binding of Some of These Complexes to DNA, J. Inorg. Biochem., 44, p. 239 (1991).
20
[21] Lerman L.S., Structural Considerations in the Interaction of DNA and Acridines, J. Mol. Biol., 3, p. 18 (1961).
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Adsorption of Cr(III) and Mg(II) from Hydrogen Peroxide Aqueous Solution by Amberlite IR-120 Synthetic Resin
In concentration of hydrogen peroxide, first, the solution should be quite pure, and then, it concentrate with methods such as vacuum distillation and cooling crystallization, because impurities in the hydrogen peroxide solution in high concentrations are causing decomposition of this substance; that is very dangerous. The purpose of this article is separation of chromium and magnesium cations from 35wt% commercial hydrogen peroxide solution by ion exchange method with strong acid cation resin Amberlite IR-120 H+ with styrene divinylbenzene copolymer network and sulfunic acid functional group. In separation of chromium and magnesium, we used batch system and tank equipped with mixer. Effect of the amount of resin and contact time on the separation of cation is investigated. The metal ion concentration in the original solution and the metal ions left unsorbed were determined by Inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (Varian Vista ICP–AES) technique. In determining the effect of the amount of resin and contact time on separation of cation, amount of chromium and magnesium in hydrogen peroxide solution was 0.1 mg/mL, 0.3 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL. Experimental results obtained from the separation of chromium and magnesium compared with Freundlich, Langmuir and Jovanovic adsorption isothermal models. Results show that these models only in a certain range of concentration, are consistent with experimental results.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5867_9d4c12c6da5403af21f30fb6c9d2b21a.pdf
2013-06-01
49
55
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5867
Hydrogen peroxide
Ion exchange
Amberlite IR-120
Isothermal models
Shahram
Ghanbari Pakdehi
1
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Alipour
alipour.m@havayar.com
2
Technical and Engineering Section, HAVAYAR Industrial Group, Karaj, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] "Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry". 6th. ed.,Wiley VCH, (1998).
1
[2] Lin Q., Jiang Y., Geng J., Qian Y., Removal of Organic Impurities with Activated Carbons for Ultra-Pure Hydrogen Peroxide Preparation, Chemical Engineering Journal 139, p. 264 (2008).
2
[3] Kirk-Othmer, "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology", 5th. ed., John Wiley & Sons, (2008).
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[4] Romero A., Santos A., Vicente F., Rodriguez S., Lafuente A.L., In Situ Oxidation Remediation Technologies: Kinetic of Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition on Soil Organic Matter, J. Hazard. Mater., 170, p. 627 (2009).
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[5] Elliot R.B., Yan P., Young J.H., Purification of Hydrogen Peroxide, USP 3297404, (1957).
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[6] Watanabe S., Ohura O.,Process for Preparing High Purity Hydrogen Peroxide, USP 5055286, (1988).
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[7] Kirksey K., Purification of Hydrogen Peroxide, USP 4985228, (1990).
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[8] Morris G.W., Feasey N.D., Purification of Hydrogen Peroxide, USP 5262058, (1990).
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[9] Bianchi U.P., Leone U., Lucci M., Process for the Industrial Production of High Purity Hydrogen Peroxide, USP 6333018, (2001).
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[10] Tanaka F., Sugawara I., Adachi T., Mine K., Process for Producing a Purified Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide Solution, USP 6896867, (2005).
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[11] Cavaco S.A., Fernandes S., Augusto C.M., Quina M.J., Gando-Ferreira L.M., Evalution of Chelating Ion-exchange Resins for Separating Cr(III) from Industrial Effluent, J. Hazard. Mater., 169, p. 516 (2009).
11
[12] Rengaraj S., Yeon J.-W., Kim Y., Jung Y.,.Haa Y.K., Kima W.H., Adsorption Characteristics of Cu(II) onto Ion Exchange Rresins 252H and 1500H: Kinetics, Isotherms and Error Analysis, J. Hazard. Mater., B 143, p. 469 (2007).
12
[13] Hamdaoui O., Removal of Copper (II) from Aqueous Phase by Purolite C100-MB Cation Exchange Resin in Fixed Bed Columns: Modeling, J. Hazard. Mater., 161, p. 737 (2009).
13
[14] Abo-Farha S.A., Abdel-Aal A.Y., Ashour I.A., Garamon S.E., Removal of Some Heavy Metal Cations by Synthetic Resin Purolite C100, J. Hazard. Mater., 169, p. 190 (2009).
14
[15] Demirbas A., Pehlivan E., Gode F., Altun T., Arslan G., Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution on Amberlite IR-120 Synthetic Resin, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 282,
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p. 20 (2005).
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[16] Demirbas A., Heavy Metal Adsorption Onto Agro-Based Waste Materials: A Review, J. Hazard. Mater., 157, p. 220 (2008).
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[17] Alguacil F.S., Alonso M., Lozano L.J., Chromium(III) Recovery from Waste Acid Solution by Ion Exchange Processing Using Amberlite IR-120 Resin: Batch and Continuous Ion Exchange Modeling, Chemosphere, 57, p. 789 (2004).
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[18] Kocaoba S., Comparation of Amberlite IR120 and Dolomite’s Performances for Removal of Heavy Metals, J. Hazard. Mater., 147, p. 488 (2007).
19
[19] Alipour M., "B.Sc. Thesis", Iran University of Science and Technology (2010).
20
[20] Do D.D., "Adsorption Analysis: Equilibria and Kinetics", Imperial College Press, London, (1998).
21
[21] Bayat B., Comparative Study of Adsorption Properties of Turkish Fly Ashes. I.The Case of Nickel(II), Copper(II) and Zinc(II), J. Hazard. Mater., 95, p. 251 (2002).
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[22] Langmuir I., The Adsorption of Gases on Plane Surfaces of Glass, Mica and Platinum, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40(9), p. 1361 (1918).
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[23] Kumar Jha M., Van Nguyen N., Lee J., Jeong J., Yoo J., Adsorption of Copper from Sulphate Solution of Low Copper Contents Using the Cationic Resin Amberlite IR120, J. Hazard. Mater., 164, p. 948 (2009).
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[24] Oancea A.M.S., Drinkal C., Holl W.H., Evaluation of Exchange Equilibria on Strongly Acidic Ion Exchangers with Gel-Type, Macroporous and Macronet Structure, Reactive & Functional Polymers, 68, p. 492 (2008).
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Adsorption Behavior of Cu(II) in Aqueous Solutions by SQD-85 Resin
The adsorption and desorption properties of SQD-85 resin for Cu(II) had been investigated. A series of experiments were conducted in a batch system to assess the effect of the system variables, i.e. initial pH, contact time and temperature. The results show that the optimal pH for the adsorption was 5.99 in the HAc-NaAc system, and the maximum adsorption capacity was estimated to 324 mg/g at 298 K. The apparent activation energy Ea and adsorption rate constant k298K values were 6.19 kJ/mol and 9.73×10−5 s−1 , respectively. The isotherms of adsorption data fitted well to Langmuir model. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔS, ΔH) suggested that Cu(II) adsorption by SQD-85 resin was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Thomas model was applied to determine the characteristic parameters of column useful for process design. Desorption studies revealed that Cu(II) ion could be eluted with 1.0 mol/L HCl solution., which indicated that Cu(II) in aqueous solution could be removed and recovered by SQD-85 resin efficiently. Adsorption mechanism was also proposed for the adsorption of Cu(II) onto SQD-85 resin using FT-IR spectrometry technique.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5888_04b801fb769690fc0fd049b93020cf27.pdf
2013-06-01
57
66
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5888
SQD-85 resin
Adsorption
Cu(II)
Kinetics
Thermodynamics
Mechanism
Xiong
Chunhua
xiongch@163.com
1
Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, CHINA
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yao
Caiping
2
Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, CHINA
AUTHOR
[1] Gupta S.S., Bhattacharyya K.G., Immobilization of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) Ions on Kaolinite and Montmorillonite Surfaces from Aqueous Medium, J. Environ. Manage., 87, p. 46 (2008).
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[2] Liu F., Luo X., Lin X., Liang L., Chen Y., Removal of Copper and Lead from Aqueous Solution by Carboxylic Acid Functionalized Deacetylated Konjac Glucomannan, J. Hazard. Mater., 171, p. 802 (2009).
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[3] Chantawong V., Harvey N.W., Bashkin V.N., Comparison of Heavy Metal Adsorptions by Thai Kaolin and Ballclay, Water. Air. Soil Pollut., 148, p. 111 (2003).
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[4] Licínio M., Gando-Ferreira I.S., Romão M.J., Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies on Removal of Cu2+ and Cr3+ from Aqueous Solutions Using a Chelating Resin, Chem. Eng. J., 172, p. 277 (2011).
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[5] Brix K.V., DeForest D.K., Adams W.J., Assessing Acute and Chronic Copper Risks to Freshwater Aquatic Life Using Species Sensitivity Distributions for Different Taxonomic Groups, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 20, p. 1846 (2001).
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[6] He Z.L., Yang X.E., Stoffella P.J., Trace Elements in Agroecosystems and Impacts on the Environment, J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol., 19, p. 125 (2005).
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[7] Babula P., Adam V., Opatrilova R., Zehnalek J., Havel L., Kizek R., Uncommon Heavy Metals, Metalloids and Their Plant Toxicity: a Review, Environ. Chem. Lett., 6, p. 189 (2008).
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[8] Rengaraj S., Yeon J.W., Kim Y., Jung Y., Ha Y.K., Kim W.H., Adsorption Characteristics of Cu(II) Onto Ion Exchange Resins 252H and 1500H: Kinetics, Isotherms and Error Aanalysis, J. Hazard. Mater., 143, p. 469 (2007).
8
[9] Johnson P.D., Watson M.A., Brown J., Jefcoat I.A., Peanut Hull Pellets as a Single use Sorbent for the Capture of Cu (II) from Wastewater, Waste. Manag., 22, p. 471 (2002).
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[10] Theophanides T., Anastassopoulou J., Copper and Ccarcinogenesis, Oncology. Hematology., 42, p. 57 (2002).
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[11] Matlock M.M., Howerton B.S., Atwood D.A., Chemical Precipitation of Heavy Metals from Acid Mine Crainage, Water. Res., 36, p. 4757 (2002).
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[12] Xiong C.H., Yao C.P., Wang Y.J., Adsorption Behaviour and Mechanism of Ytterbium (III) on Imino-Diacetic Acid Resin, Hydrometallurgy, 82, p. 190 (2006).
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[13] Kondo K., Kamio E., Separation of Rare Earth Metals with a Polymeric Microcapsule Membrane, Desalination, 144, p. 249 (2002).
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[14] Sharma I.G., Alex P., Bidaye A.C., Suri A.K., Electrowinning of Cobalt from Sulphate Solutions, Hydrometallurgy., 80, p. 132 (2005).
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[15] Minowa H., Ebihara M., Separation of Rare Earth Elements from Scandium by Extraction Chromatography: Application to Radiochemical Neutron Activation Analysis for Trace Rare Earth Elements in Geological Samples, Ana. Chim. Acta., 498, p. 25 (2003).
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[16] Kampalanonwat P., Supaphol P., Preparation and Adsorption Behavior of Aminated Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber Mats for Heavy Metal Ion Removal, ACS Appl. Mater. Inter., 2, p. 3619 (2010).
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[17] Tan I.A.W., Ahmad A.L., Hameed B.H., Adsorption of Basic Dye Using Activated Carbon Prepared Fromoil Palmshell: Batch and Fixed Bed Studies, Desalination, 225, p. 13 (2005).
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[18] Xiong C.H., Yao C.P., Preparation and Application of Acrylic Acid Grafted Polytetrafluoroethylene Fiber as a Weak Acid Cation Exchanger for Adsorption of Er(III), J. Hazard. Mater., 170, p. 1125 (2009).
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[19] Li X.J., Fu Y.J., Luo M., Preparative Separation of Dryofragin and Aspidin BB from Dryopteris Fragrans Extracts by Macroporous Resin Column Chromatography, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 61, p. 199 (2012).
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[20] Gong B., Li X., Wang F., Chang X., Synthesis of Spherical Macroporous Epoxy-Dicyandiamide Chelating Resin and Properties of Concentration and Separation of Trace Metal Ions from Samples, Talanta, 52, p. 217 (2000).
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[21] Alkan M., Kalay B., Dógan M., Özkan D., Removal of Copper Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Kaolinite and Batch Design, J. Hazard. Mater., 153, p. 867 (2008).
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[22] Kampalanonwat P., Supaphol P., Preparation of Hydrolyzed Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Fiber Mats as Chelating Substrates: A Case Study on Copper(II) Ions, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50, p. 11912 (2011).
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[23] Chen Z., Ma M., Han M., Biosorption of Nickel and Copper Onto Treated Alga (Undaria Pinnatifida): Application of Isotherm and Kinetic Models, J. Hazard. Mater., 155, p. 327 (2008).
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[24] Zhao X.W., Song N.Z., Jia Q.O., Zhou W.H., Studies on the Sorption of Cadmium(II), Zinc(II), and Copper(II) with PTFE Selective Resin Containing Primary Amine N1923 and Cyanex923. Ind. Eng.Chem.Res., 50, p. 4625(2011).
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[25] Barros F.C.F., Sousa F.W., Cavalcante R.M., Carvalho T.V., Dias F.S., Queiroz D.C., Vasconcellos L.C.G., Nascimento R.F., Removal of Copper, Nickel and Zinc Ions from Aqueous Solution by Chitosan-8-Hydroxyquinoline Beads, Clean, 36, p. 292(2008).
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[26] Park K.H., Parhi P.K., Kang, N.H., Studies on Removal of Low Content Copper from the Sea Nodule Aqueous Solution using the Cationic Resin TP 207, Separ. Sci. Technol., 47, p. 1531(2012).
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[27] Donia, A.M., Atia A.A., Rashad R.T., Fast Removal of Cu(II) and Hg(II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Kaolinite Containing Glycidyl Methacrylate Resin, Desalin. Water. Treat., 30, p. 254 (2011).
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[28] Xiong C.H., Yao C.P., Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Triethylenetetramine Modified Polystyrene Resin in Removal of Mercury, Cadmium and Lead Fromaqueous Solutions, Chem. Eng. J., 155, p. 844 (2009).
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[29] Srivastava V.C., Mall I.D., Mishra I.M., Adsorption Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption of Toxic Metal Ions Onto Bagasse Ffly Ash (BFA) and Rice Huskash(RHA), Chem. Eng. J., 132, p. 267 (2007).
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[30] Demirbas A., Pehlivan E., Gode F., Altun T., Arslan G., Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II),Ni(II), Pb(II), Cd(II)from Aqueous Solution on Amberlite IR-120 Synthetic Resin, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 282, p. 20 (2005).
30
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[32] Freundlich H.M.F., Uber Die Adsorption in Losungen, Z. Phys. Chem. (Leipzig), 385, p. 57A (1906).
32
[33] Bhatti H.N., Akhtar N., Akhtar N., Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue by Low-Cost Citrus sinensis Bagasse: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Characterization, Arab J Sci Eng., 37, p. 9 (2012).
33
[34] Chen C.Y., Lin M.S., Hsu K.R., Recovery of Cu(II) and Cd(II) by a Chelating Resin Containing Aspartate Groups, J. Hazard. Mater., 152, p. 986 (2008).
34
[35] Malkoc E., Nuhoglu Y., Determination of Kinetic and Equilibriumparameters of the Batch Adsorption of Cr(VI) onto Waste Acorn of Quercus Ithaburensis, Chem. Eng. Proc., 46, p. 1020 (2007).
35
[36] Bruno U., Bernabe R.L., Poly(Sodium 4-Styrene Sulfonate) and Poly(2-Acrylamido Glycolic Acid) Polymer-Clay Ion Exchange Resins with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Metal Ion Retention, Polym. Int., 61, p. 23 (2012).
36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Treatment of Textile Waste Water with Organoclay
In this study a sample of bentonite obtained from Semnan mines, was modified by a surfactant to prepare an organoclay with high surface area. BET analysis showed that the modification increased its surface significantly. The prepared sorbent was used for removal of dyes and other organic pollutants from a waste water obtained from Ekbatan textile company. Adsorption was studied in various times to obtain the saturation time. pH variation has significant effect on adsorption and led to variation of adsorbed pollutant. At pH=4.5 the pollutant concentration became minimum which showed the pH is optimum pH for adsorption. Increasing the sorbent to waste solution ratio up to 1.2 g/L also increased the sorption. Adsorption isotherm was investigated for fitting with Langmuir isotherm and it has good fitness.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5889_ac1af459759a5732f7dfffd08d6e8414.pdf
2013-06-01
67
70
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5889
Bentonite
Organoclay
Textile waste water
Treatment
Ali
Daraei
n_daraei@yahoo.com
1
Department of Chemistry, Kermanshah Branch of ACECR, Kermanshah, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] Wisam H. Hoidy, Mansor B. Ahmad, Emad A., Synthesis and Characterization of Organoclay from Sodium Montmorilonite and Fatty Hydroxamic Acids, American Journal of Applied Sciences, 6(8): p. 1567 (2009).
1
[2] Lee V.K.C., Porter J.F., Mckay G., Fixed-Bed Modeling for Acid Dye Adsorption onto Activated Carbon, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnology, 78, p. 1281 (2003).
2
[3] Elemen S. et al., Modeling the Using an Artificial Neural Network, Dyes and Pigments, 95(1), p. 102(2012).
3
[3] Lei S. et al., Kinetic Study and Equilibrium Isotherm Analysis of Congo Red Adsorption by Clay Materials, Chem. Eng. J., 148, p. 354 (2009).
4
[5] Monvisade P., Siriphannon P., Chitosan Intercalated Montmorillonite Preparation, Characterization and Cationic Dye Adsorption, Appl. Clay Sci., 42, p. 427 (2009).
5
[6] Safaei, M. et al., Activation of Natural Soil to Make Polymer Nanocomposites, Nashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran (NSMSI), 27(1), p. 103 (2008). [in Persian]
6
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Kinetic Study of Ethyl Mercaptan Oxidation in Presence of Merox Catalyst
Mercaptans are commonly present in petroleum products. Their foul odor and highly corrosive nature make them the most undesirable sulfur compounds so they should be removed because of environmental issues. Merox process is used for oxidation of mercaptans to disulfide using air in the presence of alkaline solution and Merox catalyst. In this paper, due to lack of information about the kinetic of mercaptan oxidation, the kinetic of conversion of ethyl mercaptan in gasoline and kerosene is studied in order to be able to model and simulate this process. The experiments were carried out in a semi-batch bubble column reactor and it was proved that increasing the temperature, improves the rate of the reaction. The obtained results were analyzed and a correlation for the rate of reaction is suggested. The suggested equation is first-order with respect to mercaptan concentration.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5890_2bf76b00973ff5fd70de8c39b073ecf8.pdf
2013-06-01
71
80
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5890
Merox
Ethyl mercaptan
Phthalocyanine
Catalytic oxidation
Kinetic study
Mohammad Reza
Ehsani
ehsanimr@cc.iut.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, P.O. Box 84156-83111 Isfahan, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Safadoost
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, P.O. Box 84156-83111 Isfahan, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Reza
Avazzadeh
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, P.O. Box 84156-83111 Isfahan, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Azita
Barkhordari
4
Research and Tyechnology Deviation of NIORDC, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
[1] Basu B., Satapathy S., Bhatnagar A.K., Merox and Related Metal Phthalocyanine Catalyzed Oxidation Processes, Catalyst Rev.-Sci. Eng., 35(4), p. 571 (1993).
1
[2] Shirai H., Tsuiki H., Masuda E., Koyama T., Hanabusa K., Kobayashi N., Functional Metallomacrocycles and Their Ppolymers. 25. Kinetics and Mechanism of the Biomimetic Oxidation of Thiol by Oxygen Catalyzed by Homogeneous Polycarboxy Phthalocyaninato Metals, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 95(1), p. 417 (1991).
2
[3] Buck T., Preussner E., woehrle D., Schulz-Ekloff G., Influence of the Metaltype in the Mercaptan Oxidation on Metal Phthalocyanines, Journal of Molecular Catalysis, 53(3), p. L17 (1989).
3
[4] Das G., Sain B., Kumar S., Muralidhar G., Garg M.O., Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Cobalt Phthalocyanine Sulphonamide in Sweetening of LPG, Catalysis Today, 141, p. 152 (2009).
4
[5] Leitao A., Rodrigues A., Studies on the Merox Process: Kinetics of n-Butyl Mercaptan Oxidation, Chemical Engineering Science, 44(5), p. 1245 (1989).
5
[6] Sullivan D., The role of Merox Process in the Era of Ultra Low Sulfurtransportation Fuels, 5thEMEA Catalyst Technology Conference, (2004). [7] Wallace T.J., Schriesheim A., Solvent Effects in the Base-Catalyzed Oxidation of Mercaptans with Molecular Oxygen, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 27(5), p. 1514 (1962).
6
[8] Rollmann L.D., Porous, Polymer-Bonded Metalloporphyrins, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 97(8), p. 2132 (1975).
7
[9] Wallace T.J., Schriesheim A., Hurwitz H., Glaser M.B., Base-Catalyzed Oxidation of Mercaptans in Presence of Inorganic Transition Metal Complexes, Industrial Chemistry Process Design and Development, 3(4), p. 237 (1964).
8
[10] Gleim W.K.T., Sweetening Sour Hydrocarbon Distillate with Metal Phthalocyanine Catalyst in the Presence of Alkali, Air and Sulfite ions, USP 2,966,452, Dec. 27 (1960).
9
[11] Leung P.S.K., Bettrton E.A., Hoffman M.R., Kinetics and Mechanism of the Reduction of Cobalt (II) 4 , 4' , 4" , 4 "'-Tetrasulfophthalocyanine by 2-Mercaptoethanol Under Anoxic Conditions, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 93(1), p. 430 (1989).
10
[12] Panchenkov G.M., Lebedev V.P., “Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis”, Mir Publishers, (1976).
11
[13] Levenspiel O., “Chemical Reaction Engineering”, John Wiley & Sons, (1999).
12
[14] Yabroff D.L., Extraction of Mercaptans with Alkaline Solutions, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 32(2), p. 257 (1940).
13
[15] Sparks A.K., Oxidation of Mercaptans, USP 3,352, 777, (1967).
14
[16] http://www.petrotest.com/ petrotestproduct13-1560en. pdf reached on 5/9/2011
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of New Inflection Point Method for Hydrodynamics Study in Slurry Bubble Column Reactors
Bubble column reactors are used in a wide variety of applications such as multiphase bioreactors, catalytic slurry reactors, and absorption processes. The superficial gas velocity-gas holdup relationship and transition point are two important parameters for characterizing the hydrodynamics of a bubble column reactor. In this study, systematic investigation of a nitrogen - water - glass beads bubble column was conducted using the Taguchi experimental design method. The L16 (45) orthogonal array was selected for experiments design. Results showed that the order of importance of parameters is as follows: bed porosity, the ratio of height to diameter, and superficial gas velocity. A novel mathematical model was developed using the experimental data and based on 4th order polynomial. This model was successfully used to obtain the transition point with a high accuracy. The results of the mathematical method were in close agreement with those of the drift flux method. For liquid level of H=12D and slurry content of 13 vol%, transition velocity of 2.98 cm/s was calculated using the presented method, while a velocity of 3.14 cm/s was obtained from the drift flux method.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5893_4b6c75088b8ef6568d5052ac254d661f.pdf
2013-06-01
81
92
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5893
Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
Adsorption
Breakthrough curve
dynamic modeling
COD removal
Oily waste water
Ali Reza
Rouhi
1
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Advanced Technologies and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box. 51335 1996 Tabriz, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Esmaeil
Fatehifar
fatehifar@sut.ac.ir
2
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Advanced Technologies and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box. 51335 1996 Tabriz, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Leyla
Khazini
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
[1] Deckwer W.D., Schumpe A., Improved Tools for Bubble Column Reactor Design and Scale-Up, Chemical Engineering Science, 48(5), p.889 (1993).
1
[2] Koide K., Design Parameters of Bubble-Column Reactors with and without Solid Suspensions, Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 29(5), p.745 (1996).
2
[3] Nikakhtari H., Gordon A. Hill, Hydrodynamic and Oxygen Mass Transfer in an External Loop Airlift Bioreactor with a Packed Bed, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 27, p.138 (2005).
3
[4] Yazdian F., Shojaosadati S.A., Nosrati M., Mehrnia M.R., Comparison of Different Bioreactors Based on Hydrodynamic Characteristics, Mass Transfer, Energy Consumption and Biomass Production from Natural Gas, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (IJCCE), 29(4),p.37(2011).
4
[5] Richardson J.F., Zaki W.N., Sedimentation and Fluidization, Part I, Trans. Instn. Chem. Engrs., 32, p. 35 (1954).
5
[6] Zuber N., Findlay J.A., Average Volumetric Concentration in Two-Phase Flow Systems. Journal of Heat Transfer, ASME 87, p.453 (1965).
6
[7] Camarasa E., Vial C., Poncin S., Wild G., Midoux N., Bouillard J., Influence of Coalescence Behavior of the Liquid and of Gas Sparging on Hydrodynamics and Bubble Characteristics in a Bubble Column, Chemical Engineering and Processing, 38, p. 329 (1999).
7
[8] Wallis G.B., “One-Dimensional Two- Phase Flow”, McGraw-Hill, New York. (1969).
8
[9] Deckwer W.D., “Bubble Column Reactors, Wiley”, Chichester. (1992).
9
[10] Shah Y.T., Kelkar B.G., Godbole S.P., Deckwer W.D., Design Parameters Estimations for Bubble Column Reactors, A.I.Ch.E Journal, 28, p.353 (1982).
10
[11] Moshtari B., Ganji Babakhani E., Moghaddas J. S., Experimental Study of Gas Holdup and Bubble Behavior in Gas -Liquid Bubble Column, Petroleum & Coal, 51 (1), p.27 (2009).
11
[12] Ivana M. Šijački, Radmilo R. Čolović, Milenko S. Tokić, Predrag S. Kojić., Simple Correlatiuons for Bubble Column and Draft Tube Airlift Reactors with Dilute Alcohol Solutions, APTEFF, 40, p.183 (2009).
12
[13] Madaeni S.S., Koocheki S., Application of Taguchi Method in the Optimization of Wastewater Treatment Using Spiral-Wound Reverse Osmosis Element, Chemical Engineering Journal, 119, p.37 (2006).
13
[14] Fengshan L., Haiying S., Tao G., Nianmin Q., Application of Taguchi’s Method in the Optimization of Bridging Efficiency Between Confluent and Fresh Microcarriers in Bead-to-Bead Transfer of Vero Cells, Biotechnol Lett, 30, p.645 (2008).
14
[15] Rossella S., Luigi A.,Antonio D., Giancarlo B., Application of Taguchi Method for the Multi-Objective Optimization of Aluminium Foam Manufacturing Parameters, Int J Mater Form., 3, p.1 (2010).
15
[16] Zeinali E., “Design of Experiment With Taguchi Method Using Qualitek Software”, 1st ed., Petrochemiacal Research & Development Company Publishing, Iran. (2008).
16
[17] Kara S., Balmohan G., Shah Y.T., Carr N.L., Hydrodynamics and Axial Mixing in a Three-Phase Bubble Column, Industrial Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 21, p.584 (1982).
17
[18] Koide K., Takazawa A., Komura M., Matsunaga H., Gas Holdup and Volumetric Liquid-Phase Mass Transfer Coefficient in Solid-Suspended Bubble Columns, Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 17, p.459 (1984).
18
[19] Kojima H., Anjyo H., Mochizuki Y., Axial Mixing in Bubble Column with Suspended Solid Particles, Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 19, p. 232 (1986).
19
[20] de Swart J.W.A., Krishna R., Influence of Particles Concentration on the Hydrodynamic of Bubble Column Slurry Reactors, Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 73, p. 308 (1995).
20
[21] Schumpe A., Saxena A.K., Fang L.K., Gas/Liquid Mass Transfer in a Slurry Bubble Column, Chemical Engineering Science, 42, p.1787 (1987).
21
[22] Clark K.N., The Effect of High Pressure and Temperature on Phase Distributions in a Bubble Column, Chemical Engineering Science, 45, p.2301 (1990).
22
[23] Luo X., Lee D.J., Lau R., Yang G., Fan L.S., Maximum Stable Bubble Size and Gas Holdup in High-Pressure Slurry Bubble Columns, A.I.Ch.E. Journal, 45, p. 665 (1999).
23
[24] Wilkinson P.M., Spek A.P., van Dierendonck L.L., Design Parameters Estimation for Scale up of High Pressure Bubble Columns, A.I.Ch.E Journal, 38, p. 544 (1992).
24
[25] Pino L.Z., Solari R.B., Siquier S., Antonio Estevez L., Yepez M.M., Effect of Operating Conditions on Gas Holdup in Slurry Bubble Columns with a Foaming Liquid, Chemical Engineering Communication, 117, p. 367 (1992).
25
[26] Ruzicka M.C., Drahos J., Fialova M., Thomas N.H., Effect of Bubble Column Ddimensions on Flow Regime Transition, Chemical Engineering Science, 56, p. 6117 (2001).
26
[27] M.Y.Chisti , M.Moo-Young, Gas Holdup in Pneumatic Reactors, Chemical Engineering Journal, 38, p.149 (1988).
27
[28] Krishna R., Wilkinson P.M., van Dierendonck L.L., A Model for Gas Holdup in Bubble Columns Incorporating the Influence of Gas Density on Flow Regime Transitions, Chemical Engineering Science, 46(10), p.2491 (1991).
28
[29] C.O. Vandu,K. Koop, R. Krishna, Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient in a Slurry Bubble Column Operating in the Heterogeneous Flow Regime, Chemical Engineering Science, 59, p.5417 (2004).
29
[30] Letzel H.M., Schouten J.C., Krishna R., van den Bleek C.M., Characterization of Regimes and Regime Transitions in Bubble Columns by Chaos Analysis of Pressure Signals, Chemical Engineering Science, 52 (24), p. 4447 (1997).
30
[31] Parasu Veera U., Joshi J.B., Measurement of Gas Hold-Up Profiles in Bubble Column by Gamma Ray Tomography: Effect of Liquid Phase Properties, Trans IChemE, 78, Part A, (2000).
31
[32] Mena P.C., Ruzicka M.C., Rocha F.A., Teixeira J.A., Drahoš J., Effect of Solids on Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Flow Regime Transition in Bubble Columns, Chemical Engineering Science, 60, p.6013 (2005).
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Simulation of Heat and Chemical Reactions on Peristaltic Flow of a Williamson Fluid in an Inclined Asymmetric Channel
This work concerns the peristaltic flow of a Williamson fluid model in an inclined asymmetric channel under combined effects of heat and mass transfer. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are simplified under the lubrication approach and then solved analytically and numerically. The analytical results are computed with the help of regular perturbation and the numerical results are found by using shooting method.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5894_4a93a29695364e6ec063e0f12ad2c690.pdf
2013-06-01
93
107
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5894
Williamson fluid
Peristaltic flow
Heat and mass transfer
Perturbation solution
Numerical solution
Sohail
Nadeem
drsnqau@gmail.com
1
Department of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azad University 45320, Islamabad 44000, PAKISTAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Safia
Akram
2
Department of Humanities and Basic Sciences, Military College of Signals, National University of Sciences and Technology, Rawalpindi 46000, PAKISTAN
AUTHOR
Noreen Sher
Akbar
3
DBS&H, CEME, Nathonal University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PAKISTAN
AUTHOR
[1] Abd El Hakeem Abd El Naby, A.E.M. El Misery, M.F., Abd El Kareem, Separation in the Flow Through Peristaltic Motion of a Carreau Fluid in Uniform Tube, Physica A, 343, p. 1 (2004).
1
[2] Mekheimer Kh. S., Peristaltic Flow of Blood under Effect of a Magnetic Field in a Non-Uniform Channels, Appl. Math. Comp., 153, p. 763 (2008).
2
[3] Kothandapani M., Srinivas S., Peristaltic Transport of a Jeffrey Fluid under the Effect of Magnetic Field in an Asymmetric Channel, Int. J. Non-LinearMech., 43, p. 915 (2008).
3
[4] Nadeem S., Akram Safia, Peristaltic Flow of a Williamson Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel, Commun. Nonlinear, Sci. Numer. Simulat. 15, p. 1705 (2010).
4
[5] Nadeem S., Akram Safia, Peristaltic Transport of a Hyperbolic Tangent Fluid Model in an Asymmetric Channel, Z. Naturforsch., 64a, p. 559 (2009).
5
[6] Hayat T., Ellahi R., Asghar S., Unsteady Magnetohydrodynamic Non-Newtonian Flow Due to Non-Coaxial Rotations of a Disk and a Fluid at Infinity, Chem.l Eng. Commun., 194, p. 37 (2007).
6
[7] Rao A.R., Mishra M., Peristaltic Transport of a Ppower-Law Fluid in a Porous Tube, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 121, p. 163 (2004).
7
[8] Yıldırım A., Sezer S.A., Effects of Partial Slip on the Peristaltic Flow of a MHD Newtonian Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel, Math. and Comput. Model. 52, p. 618 (2010).
8
[9] Srinivas S., Kothandapani M., The Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on MHD Peristaltic Flow Through
9
a Porous Space with Compliant Walls, Appl. Math. Comput., Doi 10.1016/j.amc. (2009).
10
[10] Eckert E.R.G., Drake R.M., "Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer", McGraw-Hill, New York, (1972).
11
[11] Nadeem S., Noreen Sher Akbar, Influence of Radially Varying MHD on the Peristaltic Flow in an Annulus with Heat and Mass Transfer, Taiw. Institute. Chem.Enging. Doi: 10.1016/ j.jtice (2009).
12
[12] Nadeem S., Noreen Sher Akbar, Naheeda Bibi, Sadaf Ashiq, Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on Peristaltic Flow of a Third Order Fluid in a Diverging Tube, Commun. Nonlinear. Sci. Numer. Simulat., Doi: 10.1016/j.cnsns. (2009).
13
[13] S. Nadeem, Noreen Sher Akbar, Influence of Heat and Mass Transfer on a Peristaltic Motion of a Jeffrey-Six Constant Fluid in an Annulus, Heat Mass Transf.,
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Bubble Surface Area Flux on Flotation Efficiency of Pyrite Particles
In this research, the effect of bubble surface area flux, Sb, and particle size on flotation rate constant, k, of pyrite (FeS2) particles was studied using bubble-particle interactions. The bubble-particle collision, attachment and detachment efficiencies were calculated under different flow regimes. The k increased with increase in the collision efficiency and decrease in the detachment efficiency. Also the bubble-particle collection efficiency increased with increase in the Sb. Thus difficulty in the floating of fine particles was attributed to low efficiency of the bubble-particle collision efficiency while difficulty in the floating of coarse particles was due to high efficiency of bubble-particle detachment. Maximum collision, attachment and detachment efficiencies were obtained as 81.57%, 50.60% and 51.89%, respectively.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5895_f9fd35cab9e769a60f7b7fa2f2f4c7c9.pdf
2013-06-01
109
118
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5895
Flotation
Pyrite
Collision
Attachment
Detachment
Behzad
Shahbazi
1
Department of Mining Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bahram
Rezai
bahram.rezai1@gmail.com
2
Mining Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Sayed Mohammad Javad
Koleini
3
Mining Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Noparast
noparast@ut.ac.ir
4
Mining Engineering Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
[1] Nguyen A.V., Evans G.M., Attachment Interaction between Air Bubbles and Particles in Froth Flotation, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 28, p. 381 (2004).
1
[2] Trahar W.J., The Selective Flotation of Galena from Sphalerite with Special Reference to the Effects of Particle Size, Int. J. Miner. Process, 3, p. 151 (1976).
2
[3] Shahbazi B., Rezai B., The Effect of Type and Dosage of Frothers on Coarse Particles Flotation, Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 28(1), p. 95 (2009).
3
[4] Anthony R.M., Kelsall D.F., Trahar W.J., The Effect of Particle Size on the Activation and Flotation of Sphalerite, Proceedings of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 254, p. 47 (1975).
4
[5] Trahar W.J., A Rational Interpretation of the Role of Particle Size in Flotation, Int. J. Miner. Process, 8, p. 289 (1981).
5
[6] Shahbazi B., Rezai B., Koleini S.M.J., Effect of Dimensionless Hydrodynamic Parameters on Coarse Particles Flotation, Asian. J. Chem, 3, p. 2180 (2008).
6
[7] Shahbazi B., Rezai B., Koleini S.M.J., The Effect of Hydrodynamic Parameters on Probability of Bubble-Particle Collision and Attachment, Miner. Eng, 22, p. 57 (2009).
7
[8] Shahbazi B., Rezai B., Koleini S.M.J., Bubble-Particle Collision and Attachment Probability on Fine Particles Flotation, Bubble-Particle Collision and Attachment Probability on Fne Particles Flotation, Chem. Eng. Process, 49, p. 622 (2010).
8
[9] Chehreh Chelgani S., Shahbazi B., Rezai B., Estimation of Froth Flotation Recovery and Collision Probability Based on Operational Parameters Using an Artificial Neural Network, Int. J. Min. Met. Mater, 17, p. 526 (2010).
9
[10] Shaban E. Ghazy, Ahmed H. Ragab, Removal of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution by Sorptive-Flotation Using Limestone and Oleic Acid,Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 26(4), p. 83 (2007).
10
[11] Spedden H.R., Hannan W.S., Attachment of Mineral Particles to Air Bubbles in Flotation, Min. Tech, 12, p. 2354 (1984).
11
[12] Whelan P.F., Brown D.S., Particle-Bubble Attachment in Froth Flotation, Transactions of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 65, p. 181 (1956).
12
[13] Pérez-Garibay R., Martínez-Ramos E., Rubio J., Gas Dispersion Measurements in Microbubble Flotation Systems, Miner Eng, in press (2011).
13
[14] Gorain B.K., Franzidis J.P., Manlapig E.V., Studies on Impeller Type, Impeller Speed and Air Flow Rate in an Industrial Scale Flotation Cell. Part 2: Effect on Gas Holdup, Miner. Eng, 8, p. 1557 (1995b).
14
[15] Gorain B.K., Franzidis J.P., Manlapig E.V., Studies on Impeller Type, Impeller Speed and Air Flow Rate in an Industrial Scale Flotation Cell. Part 3: Effect on Superficial Gas Velocity, Miner. Eng, 9, p. 639 (1996).
15
[16] Gorain B.K., Franzidis J.P., Manlapig E.V.,The Effect of Gas Dispersion Properties on the Kinetics of Flotation. Column 96, "35th Annual Conference of Metallurgists", CIM, Montreal, Canada, 299-313 (1996b).
16
[17] Gorain B.K., Franzidis J.P., Manlapig E.V., Studies on Impeller Type, Impeller Speed and Air Flow Rate in an Industrial Scale Flotation Cell. Part 4: Effect of Bubble Surface Area Flux on Flotation Kinetics, Miner. Eng, 10, p. 367 (1997).
17
[18] Gorain B.K., Franzidis J.P., Manlapig E.V., Studies on Impeller Type, Impeller Speed and Air Flow Rate in an Industrial Scale Flotation Cell. Part 5: Validation of k-Sb Relationship and Effect of Froth Depth, Miner. Eng, 11, p. 615 (1998).
18
[19] Hernandez-Aguilar J.R., Rao S.R., Finch J.A., Testing the k-Sb Relationship at the Microscale, Miner. Eng, 18, p. 591 (2005).
19
[20] Girgin E.H., Do S., Gomez C.O., Finch J.A., Bubble Size as a Function of Impeller Speed in a Self-Aeration Laboratory Flotation Cell, Miner. Eng, 19, p. 201 (2006).
20
[21] Jameson G.J., Nam S., Young M.M., Physical Factors Affecting Recovery Rates in Flotation, Min. Sci. Eng, 9, p. 103 (1977).
21
[22] Schulze H.J., Hydrodynamics of Bubble-Mineral Particle Collisions, Min. Process. Extractive. Metall, 5, p. 43 (1989).
22
[23] Flint L.R., Howarth W.J., The Collision Efficiency of Small Particles with Spherical Air Bubbles, Chem. Eng. Sci, 26, p. 1155 (1971).
23
[24] Yoon R.H., The Role of Hydrodynamic and Surface Forces in Bubble-Particle Interaction, Int. J. Miner. Process, 58, p. 129 (2000).
24
[25] Saffman P.G., Turner T.S., On the Collision of Drops in Turbulent Clouds, J Fluid Mech, 1, p. 16 (1956).
25
[26] Nguyen, A.V., Ralston, J., Schulze, H.J., On Modeling of Bubble-Particle Attachment Probability in Flotation, Miner Eng, 53, p. 225 (1998).
26
[27] Bloom F., Heindel T.J., Modeling Flotation Separation in a Semibatch Process, Chem Eng Sci, 58, p. 353 (2003).
27
[28] Mika T.S., Fuerstenau D.W., A Microscopic Model of the Flotation Process, "Eighth Int J Miner Process Congress", Leningrad, p. 246 (1968).
28
[29] Rodrigues R.T., Rubio J., New Basis for Measuring the Size Distribution of Bubbles, Miner Eng., 16, p. 757 (2003).
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Drag Reduction by Surfactant Solutions in Gravity Driven Flow Systems
Efflux time measurements are carried out for gravity draining of a liquid from a large cylindrical tank (where the flow is essentially laminar) through single exit pipe in the absence and presence of Cetyl Pyridinium Chloride (CPC) surfactant solutions. The variables considered are initial height of liquid in the tank, dia. of tank, length of the exit pipe and concentration of surfactant. The dia. of exit pipe in all the cases however remained constant. Drag reduction is expressed as the difference in efflux time in the absence and presence of surfactant solutions. Maximum drag reduction at optimum surfactnat concentration is reported. It is observed that during draining, Froude number remains constant.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5896_f339efae2239e8dc8ca618feb04a28d4.pdf
2013-06-01
119
123
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5896
Efflux time
Cylindrical tank
surfactant
Exit pipe
Froude numbe
Chirravuri Venkata
Subbarao
subbaraochv@rediffmail.com
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, MVGR College of Engineering, Chintalavalasa, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, 535005, INDIA
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yanamala
Phanikumar Yadav,
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Andhra University, Viskhapatnam, A.P., INDIA
AUTHOR
Pulipati
King
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Andhra University, Viskhapatnam, A.P., INDIA
AUTHOR
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[3] Subbarao Ch.V., King P., Prasad V.S.R.K., Effect of Polymer Additives on the Dynamics of a Fluid for Once Through System, Int. J. Fluid Mech. Res., 35, p. 374 (2008).
3
[4] Choi K.S., Yang X., Calyton B.R., Glover E.J., Alatar M., Semenov B.N., Kulik V.M., Turbulent Drag Reduction Using Complaint Surfaces, Proc.Royal soc.London, A, 453, p. 2229 (1997).
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[8] Subbarao Ch.V., K. MallikarjunaRao., King P.,, C.Bhasakara Sarma and Prasad,V.S.R.K., Drag Reduction by Polymer Additions in Once Through Systems, Int. J.FluidMech.Res., 37, p. 391 (2010).
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[10] Subbarao, Ch.V., Comparison of Efflux Time between Cylindrical and Conical Tanks through an Exit Pipe, Int.J. App.Sci.Eng., 9, p. 33 (2011).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bisubstrate Kinetic Model for Enzymatic Decolorization of Reactive Black 5 by Coprinus cinereus Peroxidase
In this study, decolorization of the diazo dye, Reactive Black 5 (RB5) in a Coprinus cinereus peroxidase-catalyzed reaction has been investigated. A bisubstate kinetic model for the reaction rate based on the Ping-Pong mechanism was assumed for the enzymatic decolorization. Experimentswere conducted at different RB5 and hydrogen peroxideconcentrations in a batch mannerto estimate the intrinsic kinetic parameters. These parameters were used for the modeling of decolorization in a continuous reactor that was compared with experimental results. An acceptable agreement was observed between the model and experimental data.
https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_5897_65643f04d9ff15558a518ff66d63af0f.pdf
2013-06-01
125
134
10.30492/ijcce.2013.5897
Coprinus cinereus peroxidase
Decolorization
Reactive black 5
Enzymatic reaction
Ping-Pong mechanism
Mohammad
Mansouri Majoumerd
1
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9465 Tehran, I.R. IRAN
AUTHOR
Hamid Reza
Kariminia
kariminia@sharif.ir
2
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9465 Tehran, I.R. IRAN
LEAD_AUTHOR
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