@article { author = {Karimi, Afzal and Vahabzadeh, Farzaneh and Mohseni, Majid and Mehranian, Mehrnaz}, title = {Decolorization of Maxilon-Red by Kissiris Immobilized Phanerochaete Chrysosporium in a Trickle-Bed Bioreactor-Involvement of Ligninolytic Enzymes}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {1-13}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.6854}, abstract = {The decolorization of Maxilon-red dye by Kissiris immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the trickle-bed reactor (TBR) using the basal nitrogen-limited growth medium was studied. The influence of the superficial liquid velocity (SLV) on the decolorizing ability of the fungus was examined at four SLVs (cm sec-1): 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, and 0.15. Maximum level of the decolorizing activity was about 94 % by day 4-5 of the process when the TBR operated at SLV=0.075  to  0.1 cm sec-1. At these SLVs, the maximum activities of the lignin peroxidase (LiP) and the manganese peroxidase (MnP) were (UL-1): 87 and 207, respectively. In a successive decolorization of the tested dye in a continuous dye addition in the TBR when glucose level decreased to 2 gL-1, significant reduction in the characteristics of the interest were observed. While by controlling the glucose concentration, these properties were improved considerably: The decolorizing ability of the Kissiris immobilized mycelia was more than 85 % after nearly 20 days of the process while the maximum activities of the LiP and the MnP were (UL-1): 320 and 151, respectively. Considerable levels of the enzyme activities were detected by day 19 and after 11 times of the dye additions.}, keywords = {Ligninolytic enzymes,Kissiris-immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium,Decolorization,Maxilon-red synthetic dye,Trickle-bed bioreactor}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_6854.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_6854_b0145843c7641ad1105c181a281d3bcb.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharifian, Mahdi and Fanaei, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Dynamic Simulation and Control of a Continuous Bioreactor Based on Cell Population Balance Model}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {15-27}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13363}, abstract = {Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) can exhibit sustained oscillations during the operation in a continuous bioreactor that adversely affects its stability and productivity. Because of heterogeneous nature of cell populations, the cell population balance equation (PBE) can be used to capture the dynamic behavior of such cultures. In this work, an unstructured-segregated model is used for dynamic simulation and controller synthesis. The mathematical model consists of a partial integro-differential equation describing the dynamics of the cell mass distribution (PBE) and an ordinary integro-differential equation accounting for substrate consumption. In order to solve the mathematical model, three methods, finite difference, orthogonal collocation on finite elements and Galerkin finite element are used to approximate the PBE model by a coupled set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Then the resulted ODEs are solved by 4th order Rung-Kutta method. The results indicated that the orthogonal collocation on finite element not only is able to predict the oscillating behavior of the cell culture but also needs much little time for calculations. Therefore this method is preferred in comparison with other methods. In the next step two controllers, a globally linearizing control (GLC) and a conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller are designed for controlling the total cell mass per unit volume, and performances of these controllers are compared through simulation. The results showed that although the PI controller has simpler structure, the GLC has better performance.}, keywords = {Cell population balance,Finite difference,Orthogonal collocation on finite element,Galerkin finite element,Nonlinear control}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13363.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13363_1fe3e0cefaed0fe9e598324fb922a45f.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghazanfari, Mohammad Hossein and Rashtchian, Davood and Kharrat, Riyaz and Vossoughi, Shapour}, title = {Transport Property Estimation of Non-Uniform Porous Media}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {29-42}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13364}, abstract = {In this work a glass micromodel which its grains and pores are non-uniform in size, shape and distribution is considered as porous medium. A two-dimensional random network model of micromodel with non-uniform pores has been constructed. The non-uniformity of porous model is achieved by assigning parametric distribution functions to pores throat and pores length, which was measured using image analysis technique. Statically derived expressions have been used for prediction of macroscopic properties of porous model including: dispersion coefficients, permeability-porosity ratio and capillary pressure. The results confirmed that predicted transport properties are in good agreement with the available experimental data.}, keywords = {Pore size characteristics,Distribution Function,Micromodel,Dispersion,Capillary pressure,Permeability,Random particle method}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13364.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13364_7ef193c381db182ce061b316c13a710a.pdf} } @article { author = {Alemzadeh, Iran and Nejati, Siamak}, title = {Removal of Phenols with Encapsulated Horseradish Peroxidase in Calcium Alginate}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {43-49}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13365}, abstract = {Horseradish peroxidase was encapsulated in calcium alginate for the purpose of phenol removal. Considering enzyme encapsulation efficiency, retention activity and enzyme leakage of the capsules, the best gelation condition was found to be 1 % w/v of sodium alginate solution and 5.5 % w/v of calcium chloride hexahydrate. Upon immobilization, pH profile of enzyme activity changes as it shows higher value at basic and acidic solution. Besides, for each phenol concentration there would be an enzyme concentration which going further than this value has no significant effect on phenol removal. Investigation into time course of phenol removal for both encapsulated and free enzyme showed that encapsulated enzyme had nearly similar efficiency in comparison with the same concentration of free enzyme; however the capsules were reusable up to four cycles without any changes in their efficiency. The ratio of hydrogen peroxide/phenol at which highest phenol removal obtained, found to be dependent on initial phenol concentration and in the solution of 2 and 8 mM phenol it were 1.15 and 0.94 respectively.}, keywords = {Horseradish Peroxidase,Alginate,Gelation,encapsulation,phenol removal}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13365.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13365_4fea8eaecd715a85a2500417da11d8f3.pdf} } @article { author = {Dorri, Yaser and Kurien, Biji T. and Scofield, R. Hal}, title = {A Simpler and Faster Version of Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Using Vertical, Mini SDS-PAGE Apparatus}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {51-56}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13366}, abstract = {We have modified one of the most useful methods of protein separation; namely, two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). This modified version of 2-DE is not only simpler and easier but also faster than all the currently available methods. In this method, isoelectric focusing is carried out in the first dimension using a vertical sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) apparatus. Following focusing, each individual lane is excised from this gel and after a 90° rotation, is inserted into a vertical specially fabricated SDS-PAGE gel for the second dimension run, which can be stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue for protein analysis or immunoblotted for further analysis. This modified version of IEF can be run in less than 2 hours compared to the overnight run required by the O’Farrel method. Difficult tube gel casting and gel extrusion as well as tube gel distortion are eliminated in our method. This method is simpler, faster and inexpensive. Both dimensions can be done on the same SDS-PAGE apparatus and up to 10 samples can be run simultaneously using one gel. We have analyzed human sera, animal saliva, eye and liver tissue samples to verify this method.}, keywords = {2D gel electrophoresis,Isoelectric focusing,Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide,Gel electrophoresis}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13366.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13366_71049424865f55514fe428b29a0e6df9.pdf} } @article { author = {Manavizadeh, Negin and Khodayari, Alireza and Asl Soleimani, Ebrahim and Bagherzadeh, Sheida and Maleki, Mohammad Hadi}, title = {Structural Properties of Post Annealed ITO Thin Films at Different Temperatures}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {57-61}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13367}, abstract = {Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited on glass substrates by RF sputtering using an ITO ceramic target (In2O3-SnO2, 90-10 wt. %). After deposition, samples were annealed at different temperatures in vacuum furnace. The post vacuum annealing effects on the structural, optical and electrical properties of ITO films were investigated. Polycrystalline ITO films have been analyzed in wide optical spectrum, X-ray diffraction and four point probe methods. The results show that increasing the annealing temperature improves the crystallinity of the films. The resistivity of the deposited films is about 19×10-4 Ωcm and falls down to 7.3×10-5 Ωcm as the annealing temperature is increased to 500 °C in vacuum.}, keywords = {RF sputtering,Indium tin oxide,Annealing in vacuum,Transparent conductive films}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13367.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13367_57e82bba5ea40f0a1abcca4c2b74c47f.pdf} } @article { author = {Lotfollahi, Mohammad Nader}, title = {Design of Optimal Process Flowsheet for Fractional Crystallization Separation Process}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {63-73}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13368}, abstract = {A procedure is presented that synthesizes fractional crystallization separation processes to obtain pure solids from multi-component solutions. The method includes a procedure to generate a network flow model to identify alternative process designs for fractional crystallization. The main advantage of this systematic procedure with respect to other reported procedures is using non-equilibrium solubility values for crystallizers and mixing tanks as process points. By employing an approach factor to show the distance from equilibrium, a non-linear programming model is obtained. Solving the non-linear programming model, optimal process flowsheet and the corresponding non-equilibrium solubility values for process points are presented. The proposed procedure is used to design an optimal flowsheet for production of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate from Burkeite. The results show that when the approach factor goes to unity, the maximum efficiency of separation process is attained which corresponds to the minimum total flow rates and total cost of the process.  }, keywords = {Fractional crystallization,Process synthesis,Flow sheet,Non-linear programming model}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13368.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13368_a0d614d55fce80181f1b2ed923757a51.pdf} } @article { author = {Qajar, Ali and Bozorgmehry Boozarjomehry,, Ramin}, title = {Optimal Control of Nonlinear Multivariable Systems}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {75-83}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13369}, abstract = {This paper concerns a study on the optimal control for nonlinear systems. An appropriate alternative in order to alleviate the nonlinearity of a system is the exact linearization approach. In this fashion, the nonlinear system has been linearized using input-output feedback linearization (IOFL). Then, by utilizing the well developed optimal control theory of linear systems, the compensated nonlinear system has been controlled. Thus, the structure of the objective function will be converted into a quadratic form which is qualitativly comparable with usual cost functions, and from operating viewpoint is more favorable. To qualify such a procedure, it has been applied to two minimum and nonminimum-phase chemical processes, and its performance is verified through computer simulations.}, keywords = {optimal control,multivariable control,Input-qutput feedback linearization}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13369.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13369_87ee4b62d73ce46f515ee945cd233a43.pdf} } @article { author = {Parinejad, Massoumeh and Yaftian, Mohammad Reza}, title = {Mobile Carrier Properties of N2O2- and N3O2-Type Schiff Base Molecules Towards Copper(II) Ions}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {85-90}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13396}, abstract = {Mobile carrier properties of two schiff base ligands, named bis(2-hydroxypropiophenone)-1,2-propanediimine (N2O2) and bis(1'-hydroxy-2'-acetonaphthone)-2,2'-diiminodiethylamine (N3O2), dissolved in dichloromethane for the extraction of copper(II) ions from an ammonium buffer feed phase into a nitric acid solution (receiving phase) were investigated and compared. The parameters influencing the transport efficiency such as pH of the feed phase, chemical composition of the receiving phase, carrier concentration in the membrane and time dependency of the process were studied and discussed. Addition of sodium dodecysulfate (SDS), an anionic surfactant, to the receiving phase enhances significantly the process efficiency. This reveals that the transport is controlled by the kinetics of decomplexation at the stripping interface. The transported amount of copper ions from ammonium buffer (pH 7) into the receiving phase including HNO3 and SDS across a dichloromethane layer containing N2O2 and N3O2, at 20 ºC, was found to be 90.6 (±0.7) % and 97.4 (±0.4) % after 4 h, respectively. The selectivity of the processes towards copper ions were tested by performing the competitive transport experiments on the mixture containing Pb2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Co2+ ions. Although N3O2 possess higher transport efficiency with respect to that of N2O2, both ligands present adequate selectivity for separation of Cu(II) ions.}, keywords = {NxOy-type schiff base ligands,Extractant-carrier properties,Bulk liquid membrane,Copper(II) ions,Separation}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13396.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13396_5eff1488bfa45cbf52ec7fecf6658825.pdf} } @article { author = {Alaei, Mahshad and Rashidi, Alimorad and Mahjoub, Alireza}, title = {Two Suitable Methods for the Preparation of Inorganic Fullerene-Like (IF) WS2 Nanoparticles}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {91-98}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13397}, abstract = {  Two facile and low cost routes were used for the synthesis of IF-WS2 nanoparticles. In this paper, preparation of IF-WS2 nanoparticles with two different methods was investigated. In the first method, WO3 nanoparticles were reacted with H2S gas in N2/H2 reducing atmosphere at 900 oC. The as-synthesized IF-WS2 nanoparticles are spherical shape with an average size of about 70 nm.  In the second method, WO3 nanoparticles were reacted with Sulfur powder in H2 reducing atmosphere at 800 oC. All reaction conditions have been optimized. In this method, application of the harmful and poisonous H2S gas was eliminated. The as-prepared IF-WS2 nanoparticles are spherical shape with an average size of about 50 nm. In this research, it was revealed that in the first method, the reduction of WO3 nanoparticles before the reaction with H2S gas is very important in product quality and the output of the reaction will be increased. Also in contrast to that was proposed in the previous similar research, it was revealed that the preparation of IF-WS2 nanoparticles according to the second method can not be considered as large scale method because the product quality is directly dependent on the amount of WO3 nanoparticles that can not be considered exceeding 0.1 g. Besides, the preparation method of WO3 nanoparticles as precursor for the synthesis of IF-WS2 nanoparticles is different from previous similar researches. The solution of ammonium para tungstate (APT) and citric acid (as organic additive) was prepared and then the pH of solution was adjusted at 7 by using ammonium hydroxide. Firstly, the sample was heated to 250 oC for 1 h and secondly was calcined at 500 oC for 2 h to obtain yellow color powder of WO3 nanoparticles with an average size of about 50 nm. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).}, keywords = {In situ combustion,kinetic,Heavy oil,Auto-ignition}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13397.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13397_8afb04de898ddcb7499f4bb80e120220.pdf} } @article { author = {Babazadeh Darjazi, Behzad and Rustaiyan, Abdolhossein and Talaei, Alireza and Khalighi, Ahmad and Golein, Behrouz and Hayatbakhsh, Enayat and Taghizad, Rahim}, title = {The Effects of Rootstock on the Volatile Flavour Components of Page Mandarin [(C.Reticulata var dancy C. Paradisi var dancan) C. Clemantina] Juice and Peel}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {99-111}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13398}, abstract = {The effects of rootstock on the volatile flavour components of page mandarin juice and peel were investigated in this study. Juice flavour components were extracted by using Poly dimethyl silaxane  membranes( PDMS ) and eluted by pentane dichloromethane and then analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Peel flavour components were extracted by using cold-press and eluted by using n-hexane and then analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Seventy-five juice components, sixty-eight green peel components and fourty- two red peel  components  including: aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketons, monoterpens, sesquiterpens and acids were indentified and quantified. The major flavour components were linalool, limonene, octanal, decanal, a-pinene, sabinene, myrcene,- elemen and germacren-D. It is of interest to point out that juice and peel oil from fruit grown on Citrumelo Swingle and Yuzu showed the highest content of aldehydes. Since the aldehyde content of citrus oil is considered as one of the more important indicators of high quality, rootstock apparently has a profound influence on Page Mandarin juice and peel oil quality.}, keywords = {Page mandarin juice,Page mandarin peel,Flavor components,Rootstock,Pervaporation,Cold-Press}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13398.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13398_5ecbb521d647ab81d0b166afba2dd8f5.pdf} } @article { author = {Novinrooz, Abdoljavad and Sarabadani, Parvin and Rezainik, Yousef}, title = {Synthesis and Processing of SnO2, CaSnO3 and Ca2SnO4 Nanopowders by Solid-State Reaction Technique}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {113-119}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13399}, abstract = {The nanopowders of SnO2, CaSnO3 and Ca2SnO4 in the size rang of 5-70 nm have been prepared using solid-state reaction technique. The technique is convenient and inexpensive in comparison to the conventional routes of compound prepared and processing where, many steps of mixing and annealing are involved. Formation of resultant compounds was explained on the basis of reaction taken place between SnCl4. 5H2O, CaCl2 and Ca(OH2). It was found that Tin oxide, calcium stannate and calcium orto stannate have been prepared at calcinations temperature 400 °C/4 h by weight ratio of (Sn:Ca) 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, respectively. Characterization of species was carried out using X-ray diffraction, SEM and TGA analysis. Investigation of samples revealed that, agglomerations of well connected, small grains lumped together with large number of pores have been formed. The XRD pattern analysis has shown that the change in crystalline sizes after calcining at various temperatures. Due to change in weight ratio of Sn:Ca from  2:1 to 1:1, the crystal structure has been changed from tetragonal rutile to perovskite.}, keywords = {Nanopowder,Tin Oxide,Orto-stannate,Calcium-stannate,Solid- state reaction}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13399.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13399_5fc86e2603a6e2dd08e7ca677370fcd5.pdf} } @article { author = {Bahreini, Rabeheh and Bozorgmehry Boozarjomehry, Ramin}, title = {Real-Time Output Feedback Neurolinearization}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {121-130}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13400}, abstract = { An adaptive input-output linearization method for general nonlinear systems is developed without using states of the system. Another key feature of this structure is the fact that, it does not need model of the system. In this scheme, neurolinearizer has few weights, so it is practical in adaptive situations.  Online training of neurolinearizer is compared to model predictive recurrent training. Relationships between this controller and neural network based model reference adaptive controller are established. A CSTR reactor and pH control in a neutralization process illustrate performance of this method. Simulation studies show a superior performance with respect to a PI controller.}, keywords = {Feedback linearization,Neural network,pH control,Online training,Model reference adaptive control}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13400.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13400_5bc2ace34235be08bfdb928a157d15db.pdf} } @article { author = {Heravi, M. Majid and Sadjadi, Sodeh and Hekmatshoar, Rahim and Abdi Oskooie, Hossein and Bamoharram, Fatemeh}, title = {Keggin-Type Heteropolyacids-Catalyzed One Pot Oxidation-Trimerization of Alcohols into 2,4,6-Trisubstituted-1,3,5-Trioxanes}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {131-136}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13401}, abstract = { The catalytic air oxidation-trimerization of alcohols was carried out with hetropolyacids. In the presence of hetropolyacid formation of cyclotrimers of alcohols and aldol condensation products was observed. The 1,3,5-trioxanes were major and aldol condensation compounds were minor products.}, keywords = {Heteroplyacids,1, 3, 5-Trioxanes,Alcohols,Oxidation,Trimerization,Aldol condensation}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13401.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13401_144fa18c0d4945b87ee04e14fd1923e9.pdf} } @article { author = {Rahman, Ateeq and Martin, Andreas and Narayana, Kalevaru V. and Lucke, Benhard}, title = {Selective Liquid Phase Ammoxidation of Aromatic Aldehydes to Aromatic Nitriles with VPO Titania Heterogeneous Catalysts in Air}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering}, volume = {28}, number = {2}, pages = {137-139}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECR}, issn = {1021-9986}, eissn = {}, doi = {10.30492/ijcce.2009.13402}, abstract = { Preparation of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile, and benzonitrile are reported here from the corresponding 2-Chlorobenzaldehyde and benzaldehyde by the reaction of ammonium hydroxide/VPO titania, VPO bulk (ammonium metavanadate) CuCr catalyst/air system in methanol. All these catalysts showed better conversions with reasonable selectivity to aromatic. The results prove that BET surface area results show VPO is present on the catalysts surface which has high surface area, attributed to increase in activity of the catalysts.}, keywords = {Ammoxidation,2-chlorobenzaldehyde,2-chlorobenzonitrile,VPO,NH4OH}, url = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13402.html}, eprint = {https://ijcce.ac.ir/article_13402_fc99a91f1c4fc830bbb5d1ec0bc8d7dd.pdf} }